Style i strategie

English for Specific Purposes (is defined to meet specific needs of the learners)

ESP

Language Acquisition Device (mechanizm przyswajania języka) u dzieci

LAD

Modern Language Aptitude Test

MLAT

extrinsic motivation

motivation from outside

intrinsic motivation

inner motivation

error

you don't know sth, don; t have the knowledge of sth- INCORRECT

mistake

slip of the tongue

fossilization

error becomes a habit, cannot easily be corrected

learning style

inborn method a person uses to learn, refers to how an individual is able to learn and remember information

visual learner

finds learning to converse in a foreign language much more difficult than learning to read, write or learn grammar. Appreciates diagrams and charts; good speller

auditory learner

will pick up foreign lanuage simply by listening to conversations, songs, foreign tapes

kinesthetic learner (haptic)

can have the most difficulty learning, because schools are not prepared to teach them; learning by walking around, fidgeting when in class

aptitude

inherent ability for learning; a talent

visual memories

V... AKOG

auditory memories

V...A.. KOG

kinesthetic memories

VA...K.. OG

olfactry memories

VAK...O..G

gustatory memories

VAKO...G

VAKOG

multisensory approach

social learner

likes working in groups

creative learner

likes using creativity, imaginative exercises

intellectual learner

likes to analyse the language

practical learner

practical attitude towards the learning

behaviourism

THEORY people learn by overhearing, imitating the pattern, repeating

innatism

THEORY we born with the ability to learn; Chomsky + Krashen, LAD

interactionism

THEORY interactions are necessary; Long + Pika

Multiple intelligence

MI

Howard Gardner

Multiple intelligence, who?

Multiple Intelligence

seven different ways to demonstrate intellectual ability

An error like a sin, must be avoided.

Skimmer + Lado

serialist learners

tackle the subject step by step, learn part by part, building from the known to the unknown with the simplest possible connections between the items of knowledge

holist learners

seek an overall framework and then explore areas within it in a more less haphazard way, until they have filled in the whole

interactionism

Long + Pika

innatism

Chomsky + Krashen

tolerant to ambiguity learner

nie musi mieć wszystkiego czarno na białym

intolerant to ambiguity learner

musi mieć wszystko czarno na białym

tolerant to criticism learner

dobrze znosi krytykę

intolerant to criticism learner

nie znosi krytyki

with high self-esteem

o wysokim poczuciem własnej wartości

with low self-esteem

o niskim poczuciu własnej wartości

TPR

J.J. Asher

Total Physical Response

TPR

Total Physical Response

method of teaching language using physical movement (without speaking)

attention span

how much time you are ready to spend on some activity

Common European Framework (A1, A2,..., C2)

CEFR

proficiency level

how advanced is your language? ... level

field-dependent learner

=? holist?; less analytical, social oriented, needs instruction, like to be with people

field-independent learner

=? serialist?; makes choices independently, is not influenced

activist

does, involving himself in new experience, excitement of new challenge, sociable, centre of attention, brainstorm

theorist

concludes, logically step-by-step, analyzing, integrating ideas, rational system, uncomfortable with ambiguity

reflector

reviews, thoughtful, liking to collect and analyse data, before coming to decision, observing an listening

pragmatist

plans, enthusiastic about trying out new theories and techniques, practical, like to solve problems, ‘if it works it’s good’

indirect learning

learning through exposure

mingle

they stand up and talk to many people, ask questions and do exercises together

risk-takers

chętnie podejmują ryzyko

risk-avoider

unikają podejmowania ryzyka