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11. Origins of American culture

Native American Culture: Perhaps no other group of people has quite the rich and storied culture as those of the Native Americans

They have a history rich in struggle, strife, and triumph. So many aspects of our modern life were adapted from the old Indian cultures practiced centuries ago

Many familiar symbols that we take for granted were originated by Native Americans

The teepee, totem pole, peace pipe, and moccasins are just a few examples. Totem poles were a very integral part of Native American culture

The Indians believed that each person was assigned the spirit of a particular animal, and that their spirit was absorbed into this animal in death.

Native American stories are rich with meaning. You will almost always find a theme of nature or animals in native American stories.

Another common topic in Native American stories deals with ancestors.

Culture also is heavy with rituals and ceremonies, and these are portrayed through native American stories, as well

Native American stories are also told through ceremonial dance, the singing of songs, and even prayers that are offered.

No matter what, native American stories always promote a healthy relationship with the land. Native American poetry embraces a lot of feelings, emotions, and warmth

Poetry is a wonderful way for people to express themselves. Traditionally, Native American poetry provides a means for the poet to express or ponder about Native American life

As the first nation of this country, Native Americans have had to fight to maintain their way of life.

Because there are several different tribal groups living within the United States and Canada, each group has their own distinct Native American dance which sets them apart.

Just like music plays an important role in Native American culture, art has a very special place as well

The use of art has been used as a form of expression in the Native American way of life for hundreds, even thousands of years

Most art was created as a symbol, such as a bear, walrus, eagle, or people. The materials to make this artwork varied from rocks, feathers, cloth, clay, and fabric.

Most art was created as a symbol, such as a bear, walrus, eagle, or people. The materials to make this artwork varied from rocks, feathers, cloth, clay, and fabric.

12. Main problems of modernist age.

Modernism describes an array of cultural movements rooted in the changes in Western society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century

The term covers a series of reforming movements in art, architecture, music, literature and the applied arts which emerged during this period.

It is a trend of thought that affirms the power of human beings to create, improve, and reshape their environment, with the aid of scientific knowledge, technology or practical experimentation

Modernism encouraged the re-examination of every aspect of existence, from commerce to philosophy, with the goal of finding that which was 'holding back' progress,

, and replacing it with new, progressive and therefore better, ways of reaching the same end

Many modernists believed that by rejecting tradition they could discover radically new ways of making art

Greenberg labelled the products of consumer culture "kitsch", because their design aimed simply to have maximum appeal, with any difficult features removed.

For Greenberg, modernism thus formed a reaction against the development of such examples of modern consumer culture as commercial popular music, Hollywood, and advertising.

Modernism's stress on freedom of expression, experimentation, radicalism, and primitivism disregards conventional expectations.