History of translation 13.03 ok

the earliest translations

Mesopotamian era, Gilamesh was translated into Asian languages (2nd milenium BC)

Horace insisted on

flexibility of the translation - sense for sense

Cicero

translation must do its job with appropriatness (proper words, ideas etc.) to express the power of the speech

St. Jerome

targeted at the Bible translation, faithful to the text, stick to the word for word

Problems with the Bible translation

many sources, many languages, words shouldn't be changes

Martin Luther

translated the Bible into German, he was going to the target text, looked towards the users of language

Other translations of the Bible

Jakub Wujek Bible in Polish (1535), The King James Bible in English (1604-11)

Before XX translation had often been relegated to

an element of language learning (grammar translation method)

the communicative approach

pivileged spoken over written forms, avoided use of the students mother tongue - this led to the abandoing the translation in language learning

Comparative literature

studied literature and compared literary text transitionally and transculturally necessitating the reading of some works in translation.

Contrastive linguistics

the study of two languages in contrast in attempt to identify general and specific differences between them.

their introduced key terminology for describing translations

Jean Paul Viney and Jean Darbelnet

cultural turn

people started to study translation and its connection, Susan Bassnett and Andre Lefevere's

Lawrence Venuti

called for greater visibility and recognition of the translator

new developments

translation and gender research, the Brazilian cannibalist school, postcolonial translation, theory translation, globalization and resistance, sociology and historiography of translation.