History of Great Britain

Normands

Vikings, from France

order to creation Great Britain

Celts, Romans, Anglo - Saxons, Normands

Celts

pogans

King Artur

against Anglo-Saxons

Hadrian Wall

It marked the northern frontier of the Roman Empire, built by Roman army

Celts

Beaker People, Picts

Magna Carta

king and goverment was not above the law, drawn up by English barons and leaders, John Lackland agreed 1215

John Wycliff

forerunner the Protestant Reformation, creator od Lollards, promoter the first complete translation of the Bible into English

Hundred years war

struggle between France and England, French victory, English expulsion from continental France

Emma of Normandy

rich, mother of Edward Confessor

war of two roses

Yorks vs Lanchester, victory of Henry 7 Tudor (Lanchester), who married Elizabeth of York

Causes of the end of the manorial system

population growth, specialization of manors, and the shift toward market.

Parliament: Simon de Montfort's Parliament and Edward I's

Parliament: Simon de Montfort's Parliament and Edward I's - early representation beyond nobility, formalized representation from clergy, nobility, and commoners.

Evolution of legal system

jury instead of trial by ordeal

Justice of the Peace

local judicial officers with administrative duties.

Henry 7

reducing nobility power, strengthening monarch's authority.

Henry 7

Expanded role of Star Chamber for judicial control over nobles.

peace with Spain (Henryk 7 arranged a marriage)

Artur + Catherine of Aragon

peace with Sweden (Henryk 7 arranged a marriage)

Margaret Tudor + James 4

children of Henryk 7

children: Artur, Margaret and Henryk 8 (after death he married sister of his brother)

Key advisors (Henryk 7)

Thomas Wolsey and Thomas Cromwell.

Act of Six Articles (Henryk 8)

affirmed traditional Catholic beliefs

Dissolution of monasteries (Henryk 8)

leading to economic changes and social upheaval.

Mixed reactions for reforms (Henryk 8)

Thomas More objected to the break, refused to accept Henry as head of church, executed for treason

Edward's reign (son of the Henryk 8)

Protestant reforms, including Book of Common Prayer.

Mary reign

reversed Protestant reforms, returned England to Catholicism, improved relations with Rome, persecuted Protestants

marriage of Mary

Philip II of Spain, leading to military conflicts in Europe.

religion in elizabeth's reign

creating a moderate Protestant church, the Anglican Church, which aimed to accommodate both Catholic and Protestant subjects.

Elizabeth 1

creating a moderate Protestant church, the Anglican Church, which aimed to accommodate both Catholic and Protestant subjects.

Privateers

Francis Drake and John Hawkins

James VI/I, king of England and Scotland

the idea of divine right of kings, uniting England and Scorland. promoted foreign Policy Goals, but faced Opposition due to religious differences

English Civil War

Charles I's conflict, Royalists (supporting the king) and Parliamentarians (led by Oliver Cromwell), defeat of Royalists and Charles I's execution

Oliver Cromwell

the Commonwealth, the New Model Army

James II Stuart overthrown

daughter Mary and her husband William of Orange in the 'Glorious' Revolution.

Act of Union (Mary and William)

united England and Scotland, forming Great Britain

Act of Settlemen (Marry and William)

England mustnt have a christian king or married with christian

Bill of Rights (Mary and William)

contitutional monarchy.

Problems with Parliamentary Representation

Voting methods favored the aristocracy

Great Reform Act of 1832 and Chartism

middle class men got suffrage

Queen Victoria

industrialization, imperialism, and social change.

Workers' Movement

working-class faced poor conditions.

Women's Suffrage

Emily Davison's death during a protest, World War I contributed to suffrage extension

Charles 2

theaters cama beak, The Great Fire, the Great Plague

Charles 1

was killed after Civil war