Glossary

beverage

a drink

debt

an amount of money that you owe

dividend

a share of the profits of company, paid once or twice a yearto the people who own the company’s shares

equities

company shares that can be bought or sold on a stock market

limited company

a company whose owners are legally responsible for only a limited amount of its debts

mining

the process of getting coal or metal from under the ground

proprietorship

a business structure in whichan individual and his/her company are considered a single entityfor tax and liability purposes

public limited company

a company in which people can invest their money; it has ‘plc’ at the end of its name

real estate

the business of buying and selling land and property

retail

the sale of goodsdirectly to the public for their own use

share

one of the equal parts of a companythat you can buy as a way of investing money

sole trade

a business structure in whichan individual and his/her company are considered a single entity for tax and liability purposes

third-party

adjective relating to a preson or organization that is not one of the two main people or organizations involved in legal agreement or case

utility

a public servise such as gas, water or electricity

vendor

a company or person that sells a particular product or service

bear market

a situation in the stock market in which the prices of shares are falling

bond

a document given to someone who invests money in a government or compan, promising to pay back the money with interest

bottom

to reach the lowest point

breakeven

the point at which a business operation no longer loses money and can begin to make profit

bull market

a situation in the stock market in which the prices of shares are rising

euphoric

adjective feeling extremely happy, usually for a short time only

greater fool investor

an investor who buys at a high price believing there will always be someone they can sell to at an even higher price

innovator

someone who invents or begins using new ideas, methods, equipment, etc

peak

the time when something is at its highest position

plunge

to fall quickly from a high position

recesion

a period when trade and industry are not successful and there is a lot of unemployment

staple

an important product, especially a food that people eat or use regularly

trough

a period when something that rises and falls regularly is at a low level, especially economic activity

value investor

an investor who buys stocks they belive that market has undervalued

cost of goods sold

an income statement figure which reflects the cost of obtaining the raw materials and of producing the finished goods that are sold to customers

fixed cost

cost such as rent that a company has to paythat does no depend on how much it produces

operating profit

the profit that a company make from its normal activities of selling goods or services

plot

to mark point on a graph b

recomended retail price (RRP)

the price at which a manufacturer of a product suggests it should be sold on the retail market

record label

a company that produces records

royalty

a payment that someone such as a writer or musician gets each time their work is sold or performed

sales revenue

income earned from selling products or services

turnover

the value of the goods and services that a company sells in a particular period of time

variable costs

a cost that changes according to how much of a product is made

wholesaler

someone whose job is to sell large quantities of goods to shops or small businesses

achieve

to succes in doing or having what you planned or intended, usually ofter a lot of effort

budget

the ammount of money a person or organization has to spend on something

deal with

to take action to do something, especially to solve a problem OR to buy goods or services from someone, or to sell them to someone

handle

to tale action in order to deal with a difficult situation

liaise

if one person liaises with another, or if people liaise, they talk to each other and tell each other what they are doing, so that they can work together effectively

manage

to organize and control the work of company, organization, or group of people

objective

something that you plan to achieve, especially in buisness or work

reference

a statement from someone who knows you or has worked with uou that gives information about you; you often need to provide a reference when you apply for new job

set up

to start something such as a business, organization, or institution

cap

to set a limit on the amount of money that someone can spend or charge

earnings

the amount of money that you earn