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cast - noun. verb - shape
The bronze statue is being cast next week.
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odlew - an object made by pouring hot liquid into a container and leaving it to become solid
to make an object by pouring hot liquid, such as melted metal, into a shaped container where it becomes hard
in a cast; UK also in plaster
My leg was in a cast for about six weeks.
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If a part of your body is in a cast, it has a plaster cast around it to protect it while a broken bone repairs itself
cast - a hard covering used to keep a broken bone in the correct position and protect it until it heals
cast - verb - light
The moon cast a white light into the room.; The tree cast a shadow over/on his face.; figurative - Her arrival cast a shadow over/on the party (= made it less pleasant).
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rzucać - to send light or shadow (= an area of darkness) in a particular direction
cast light on sth
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to provide an explanation for a situation or problem, or information that makes it easier to understand
cast a look, glance, smile, etc.
She cast a quick look in the rear mirror.
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to look, smile, etc. in a particular direction
cast an/your eye over sth
Could you cast an eye over this report for me?
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to look quickly at something
cast - verb - throw - literary
The knight cast the sword far out into the lake.
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to throw something
cast - verb - throw
He cast the line to the middle of the river.; We watched the trout fishermen casting their lines.
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(in fishing) to throw something, such as a line or net, into the water to catch fish with
cast doubt/suspicion on sb/sth
New evidence has cast doubt on the guilty verdict.
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to make people feel less sure about or have less trust in something or someone
cast aspersions on sb/sth - formal
His opponents cast aspersions on his patriotism.
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to criticize or make damaging remarks or judgments about someone or something
cast your mind back
If you cast your mind back, you might recall that I never promised to go.
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to try to remember
cast a/your vote; also - cast a/your ballot
All the votes in the election have now been cast and the counting has begun.; Altogether, 358 votes were cast.; Building society members can today cast their votes on the biggest merger in building society history.
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to give a vote
cast a spell
The old woman cast a spell on the prince and he turned into a frog.; figurative - When I was 17, jazz cast its spell on me (= I started to like it very much).
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to use words thought to be magic, especially in order to have an effect on someone
cast - verb - skin
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If a snake casts its skin, the outer layer of old skin comes off its body.
cast iron - noun
a cast-iron frying pan
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żeliwo - a type of hard iron that will not bend easily and is made into shapes by being poured into a mould when melted
cast-iron - adj.
He has a cast-iron stomach - he can eat anything.
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very strong
cast-iron guarantee, alibi, etc.
Can you give me a cast-iron guarantee that the work will be completed on time?
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a guarantee, alibi, etc. that can be trusted completely
cast-offs - noun
always had to wear my sister's cast-offs as a child.
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things, usually clothes, that you no longer want
cast-off - adj. - cast-off clothes
die-cast - verb, adj.
die-cast - adj. - a die-cast toy
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odlew - to make something by pouring liquid metal, plastic, etc., usually under pressure, into a mould (= hollow container)
the die is cast
From the moment the negotiations failed, the die was cast and war was inevitable.; die - US - kostka - UK or old use - dice - a small cube (= object with six equal square sides) with a different number of spots on each side, used in games involving chance
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said when a situation is certain to develop in a particular way because decisions have been taken that cannot be changed
die - matryca, stempel - a shaped piece or mould (= hollow container) made of metal or other hard material, used to shape or put a pattern on metal or plastic
sand-cast - verb
I don't think much of the new pans that have a rough, sand-cast finish.; Enameled cast iron cookware is produced in a sand-cast process.; He helped us to pour the liquid into a sand-cast mould.
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to make something by pouring liquid metal, plastic, etc. into a mould (= a hollow container) made of sand
worm cast - noun
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a small pile of earth or sand pushed up to the surface of the ground by a worm
plaster cast - noun - also - cast
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a covering made of plaster of Paris that is put around part of someone's body, forming a hard case to protect them while a broken bone repairs itself
also - a copy of a statue or similar object, made of plaster of Paris
cast about - also - cast around
She spent years casting about for a career.; Fashion editors are always casting around for words to describe colours.
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to search in many different places for something that you need
to look around for something
cast off
The ship was scheduled to cast off at 8 p.m.
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If a boat casts off, it leaves the shore
cast off - specialized - fabrics
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in knitting, to use special stitches to finish the thing you are making
cast on - specialized - fabrics
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in knitting, to make special stitches to start the thing you are making
be cast away
If you were cast away on a desert island, what would you miss most?
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to be left somewhere such as on an island that is far from any towns or people, after escaping from a ship that has sunk
castaway - noun - a person who has escaped from a ship that has sunk, and managed to get to an island or country where there are few or no other people
be cast in the same mould
Everyone who works for that firm seems to be cast in the same mould.
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to be very similar in character to someone else
cast pearls before swine
I'm afraid you're casting pearls before swine with your good advice - he won't listen.
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to offer something valuable or good to someone who does not know its value
cast sb adrift
The company was absorbed into a large conglomerate and most of its employees cast adrift.; While the government does not have the power to remove him, the damaging claims may persuade them to cast him adrift.
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to stop supporting someone, or to leave someone without any support or purpose
cast sb/sth adrift
They plotted to get rid of the Duke by casting him adrift on the ocean in a tiny boat.
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to leave something such as a small boat, or the people in it, moving on water without being controlled by anyone
cast your net wide
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to include many people or things when you are looking for something
cast sb/sth out - literary
Cast out by his family, he was forced to fend for himself.
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to get rid of someone or something, especially forcefully
cast sb/sth aside/away/off - formal
You must cast aside all thoughts of revenge.; Barriers to women in sport are being cast away.
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to get rid of someone or something
cast a shadow over/on sth - literary
Her father's illness had cast a shadow over the birth of her baby.
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to spoil a good situation with something unpleasant
cast/shed/throw light on sth
As an economist, he was able to shed some light on the problem.
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Something or someone that casts/sheds/throws light on a situation provides an explanation for it or information that makes it easier to understand
run the show - informal
If you need help, ask Mark - he's running the show.
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to be the leader, who is in control of a group of people doing something
plaster - noun, verb
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tynk, tynkować - a substance that is used esp. for spreading on walls and ceilings because it makes a smooth, hard surface after it dries
gips, gipsować; to spread plaster on a surface
sticking plaster - UK also plaster; US - trademark - Band-Aid
Timmy had sticking plasters on both knees.; a box of waterproof plasters; Put a plaster on it so that it doesn't get infected.
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a piece of material that you can put over a small cut in the skin in order to protect it and keep it clean
sticking-plaster - adj. - UK disapproving - also - band-aid
a sticking-plaster approach/solution/measure; sticking-plaster politics; It was a band-aid solution for a major, long-term problem.
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dealing with a problem in a temporary and unsatisfactory way
used to describe something that will only be helpful for a short time or in a limited way
plaster - verb
The torrential rain had plastered her hair to her head.
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to make something stick in a flat smooth layer
plaster - verb - informal
She had plastered her bedroom walls with photos of pop stars.; The car was plastered with mud.; The story was plastered all over (= printed so that it completely covered) the front page of the newspaper.
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to cover a surface or an object with something completely or thickly
plastering - noun
I've done the plastering, fitted a new fireplace and painted and wallpapered.
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the job or activity of spreading plaster on walls or ceilings in order to make the surface smooth
plasterboard - noun mainly UK; US - drywall, wallboard
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płyta kartonowo-gipsowa - material consisting of two sheets of heavy paper with a layer of plaster between them, used to make walls and ceilings before putting on a top layer of plaster
plaster of Paris - noun
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gips modelarski - a mixture of a white powder and water that becomes hard quickly as it dries and is used especially to make plaster casts
a mixture of a white powder and water that becomes hard as it dries and is used to make statues, molds, and other objects
glance - verb, noun
She glanced around/round the room to see who was there.; Could you glance over/through this letter and see if it's alright?; He glanced at her sidelong and smiled.; He glanced at the letter and then tossed it into the bin.
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to give a quick short look; a quick short look
She took/cast a glance at her watch.; She threw him an angry and reproving glance.; Annette was getting lots of admiring glances in her new red dress.; They exchanged conspiratorial glances, so I knew they were planning something.
sidelong - adj., adverb
He gave her a sidelong glance.; He glanced at her sidelong and smiled.
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used to refer to a short look at someone or something, moving your eyes to the side, and not looking directly
glance - verb - shine - literary
The sunlight glanced on the lake.
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to shine, reflect light, or sparkle
see something at a glance; also - tell something at a glance
She could see at a glance that something was seriously wrong.
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know and understand almost immediately
at first glance; at first blush
At first glance the deal looked wonderful, but after reading the fine print he wasn’t so sure.
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when first considering something, before having a chance to look at it carefully
fine print - US; UK - small print - noun
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text in a formal agreement that is printed smaller than the rest of the text, sometimes in the hope that it will not be noticed
glance off (sth)
The bullets glanced off the car.
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to hit or touch something quickly and lightly at an angle and move away in another direction
without (so much as) a backward glance
She left the city where she had lived all her life without a backward glance.
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If you leave without a backward glance, you are completely happy to leave and have no sad feelings about it
shoot a glance at sb
She shot him a glance as he entered the room.
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to look at someone quickly
sneak - verb
I managed to sneak in through the back door while she wasn't looking.; He sneaked out of the house, going out through the back way.; Make sure you sneak a little bit of protein into your snacks.
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to go or do something secretly, or take someone or something somewhere secretly
sneak - verb, noun - tell secretly - UK slang disapproving
She was always sneaking on other kids in the class.
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to secretly tell someone in authority, especially a teacher, that someone else has done something bad, often in order to cause trouble
skarżypyta - a person who tells people in authority when someone else does something bad - You told Mrs Cooper that it was me who tipped the paint over, didn't you - you nasty little sneak!
sneak a look/glance at sb/sth
I noticed him sneak a look at what I was writing.
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to look at someone or something quickly and secretly
sneak preview - noun; sneak peek - noun - informal
The company is offering a sneak peek at the new software.
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an opportunity to see (a part of) something new before the rest of the public see it
an opportunity to see something before it is officially available
sneak up (on someone)
I thought I'd sneak up on him (= move close to him without him seeing) and give him a surprise.; Overton sneaked up behind Brown and knocked the ball out of bounds.
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to approach someone quietly and surprise that person
If an event or day sneaks up on you, it arrives before you are ready for it.
peek - verb
Close your eyes. Don't peek. I've got a surprise for you.; I peeked out the window to see who was there.; The children peeked over the wall to see where the ball had gone.
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to look, especially for a short time or while trying to avoid being seen
have/take a peek - informal - to look at something for a short time - If I'm passing by I might take a peek at the new premises.
peek out, through, up, etc.,
I could just see her petticoat peeking out from under her skirt.; The dog’s head peeked out from behind the tree.
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to stick out slightly and be partly seen
peep - verb
I saw her peeping through the curtains/into the room.; He peeped over his shoulder to see if anyone was watching.
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to secretly look at something for a short time, usually through a hole
peep - verb - appear
A few early flowers had peeped up through the snow.;
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to appear slowly and not be completely seen
peep - noun - something sad - informal
No one has raised a peep about this dreadful behaviour.; One more peep out of you and there'll be no television tomorrow.; There hasn't been a peep out of (= any form of communication from) my sister for a couple of weeks.
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a statement, answer, or complaint
a sound, or a spoken word - She’s too scared to make a peep.
peep - noun - noise
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the weak high noise made by young birds
peep - noun - look
Take/Have a peep at what it says in this letter.
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a quick look
peep-toe - adj.
peep-toe sandals
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used to describe shoes that show part of the big toe
peekaboo - noun; UK also peep-bo
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a game played with very young children in which you hide your face, especially with your hands, and then suddenly take your hands away saying "peekaboo"
petticoat - noun old-fashioned - also slip
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A petticoat or underskirt is an article of clothing, a type of undergarment worn under a skirt or a dress. Its precise meaning varies over centuries and between countries.
turf - noun, verb - plural turfs or UK turves
Lush turf lined the river’s banks.
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the surface layer of land on which grass is growing, consisting of the grass and the soil in which its roots grow, or a piece of this that is cut from the ground and is usually rectangular
darniować - to cover a piece of land with turf; Turf is also ground cover that looks like grass - artificial turf
the turf - noun - horse racing
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the sport of horse racing
turf - noun - informal
Antiques are very much her turf.; By launching a line in beauty products they are challenging the bigger company on its own turf.; It was an unproductive meeting with everyone simply trying to defend their own turf.
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a subject in which a person or group has a lot of knowledge or influence
an area of activity in which a person or company has a lot of knowledge and experience and which they believe belongs to them
turf - noun - informal
Judges feel that the courtroom is their private turf.; The gymnastics team won the championship on their home turf.; The fight over high-definition TV standards has been a turf war among the electronics, motion picture, and recording industries.
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the area that a group considers its own
come/go with the turf; also - go/come with the territory
In this job customer complaints come with the turf.; Of the fierce media attention he says: 'It goes with the turf'.; Criticism goes with the territory in politics.; The public attention that famous people get just goes with the territory.
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used to say that someone should accept something because it is a necessary part of what they are doing
on home turf
Export figures are good, but the company is losing sales on home turf.
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in your own country, town, area, etc.
turf war - noun
The company was damaged by constant turf wars between departments.
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a fight or an argument to decide who controls an area or an activity
a situation in which two or more people or organizations are in competition over an area of business or other activity
bookmaker - noun - informal bookie; UK formal - turf accountant
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bukmacher - a person whose business is accepting and paying out money risked on a particular result of something, esp. horse races
a/the bookmaker's - a place where bookmakers work - He went down to the bookmaker's/bookie's in Chesterton Road to place a bet on the race.
turf sth out - UK informal
I turfed out a load of old shoes last week.
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to get rid of a number of things or something large that you do not want
turf sb out - UK informal
She'll be turfed out of the study group if she carries on being disruptive.; They turfed me out of the office so they could hold the meeting in private.; You need to learn how to do the job or they'll turf you out!
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to force someone to leave a place or an organization
disruptive - adj.
His teacher described him as a noisy, disruptive influence in class.; The teacher said disruptive behavior would not be tolerated.
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causing trouble and therefore stopping something from continuing as usual
If this immigration regulation is deemed to be disruptive to the rest of the EU, controls on free movement could be re-imposed.
disruptive technology - noun
A disruptive technology overturns a traditional business model, which makes it much harder for an established firm to embrace.
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a new technology that completely changes the way things are done
He contends that so many new and disruptive technologies have emerged in the last few years that no company is immune to competition.

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