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PHRASAL VERB mow sb down to kill sb with a gun or a car ▶ wykosić kogoś mow /məʊ; US / verb [intransitive, transitive] (past tense mowed; past participle mown /məʊn; US / or mowed) to cut grass using a mower to mow the lawn ▶ kosić strzyc (trawę)
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mower /ˈməʊə(r); US / noun [countable] a machine for cutting grass a lawnmower an electric mower ▶ kosiarka (do trawy)
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MPV /ˌem pi: ˈvi:; US / noun [countable] multi-purpose vehicle; a large car that can carry a number of people ▶ pojazd wielozadaniowy
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Niektóre kobiety wolą być tytułowane Ms zamiast Mrs lub Miss. Tytuł ten można też stosować, kiedy nie wie się, czy kobieta jest zamężna, czy też nie. ⇨ note at Miss Ms /mɪz; US məz; US / (used as a title before the family name of a woman who may or may not be married) Ms (Keiko) Harada ▶ pani
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W zdaniach twierdzących używa się zwykle a lot of, a nie much: I’ve got a lot of experience. How much tłumaczy się „ile“: How much time have you got? • How much is it? inizia ad imparare
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There was so much food, it wouldn’t fit on the table. I can’t carry that much! ‘ Is there any post?’ ‘ Not much.’ Sportsmen today earn far too much money. Eat as much as (tyle, ile) you can. ▶ dużo wiele much1 /mʌtʃ; US / determiner, pron. [used with uncountable nouns, mainly in negative sentences and questions, or after as, how, so, too] a large amount of sth I haven’t got much money. Did she say much? You’ve given me too much food.
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much the same very similar Softball is much the same as baseball. ▶ bardzo podobny
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We are very much looking forward to meeting you. Bardzo się cieszymy na wspólne spotkanie. Do you go to the cinema much? Czy często chodzisz do kina? ▶ bardzo znacznie much2 /mʌtʃ / adv. 1 to a great degree I don’t like her very much. Niezbyt ją lubię. Do you see Sashi much? Do you see much of Sashi? much taller/prettier/harder much more interesting/unusual much more quickly/happily You ate much more than me.
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mucus /ˈmju: kəs; US / noun [uncountable] (formal) a sticky substance that is produced in some parts of the body, especially the nose ▶ śluz □ mucous /ˈmju: kəs; US / adj. mucous glands ▶ śluzowy
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mud /mʌd; US / noun [uncountable] ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW soft, wet earth He came home from the football match covered in mud. ▶ błoto muł
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muddle /ˈmʌdl; US / verb [transitive] 1muddle sth (up) to put things in the wrong place or order or to make them untidy Try not to get those papers muddled up. ▶ mieszać plątać
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—muddled /; US / adj. He gave me a rather muddled explanation. ▶ poplątany pogmatwany □ muddle noun [countable, uncountable] I don’t know who’s responsible for all the muddle there’s been. If you get in a muddle, I’ll help you. Your room’s in a terrible muddle. W twoim pokoju jest okropny bałagan. ▶ zamęt plątanina
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muddy /ˈmʌdi; US / adj. (muddier; muddiest) full of or covered in mud muddy boots It’s very muddy down by the river. ▶ błotnisty zabłocony
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mudguard /ˈmʌdɡɑ: d; US / noun [countable] a curved cover over the wheel of a bicycle or motorbike ▶ błotnik
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muesli /ˈmju: zli; US / noun [uncountable] food made of grains, nuts, dried fruit, etc. that you eat with milk for breakfast ▶ muesli
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mug1 /mʌɡ; US / noun [countable] 1 a large cup with straight sides and a handle a coffee mug a mug of tea ▶ kubek garnuszek kufel
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□ mugger / noun [c] The mugger was white, aged 18 to 20, and was wearing a dark jacket. ▶ napastnik (uliczny) ⇨ note at thief —mugging /; US / noun [countable, uncountable] The mugging took place around midnight. ▶ rabunek uliczny napaść uliczna mug2 /mʌɡ; US / verb [transitive] (mugging; mugged) to attack and steal from sb in the street Keep your wallet out of sight or you’ll get mugged. ▶ napaść i obrabować
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Muhammad (also Mohammed) /məˈhæmɪd; US / noun [sing.] the prophet who started the religion of Islam ▶ Mahomet
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mule /mju: l; US / noun [countable] an animal that is used for carrying heavy loads and whose parents are a horse and a donkey ▶ muł
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multicultural /ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəl; US / adj. for or including people of many different races, languages, religions and customs a multicultural society ▶ wielokulturowy
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multilateral /ˌmʌltiˈlætərəl; US / adj. involving more than two groups of people, countries, etc. They signed a multilateral agreement. ▶ wielostronny
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multimedia /ˌmʌltiˈmi: diə; US / adj. [only before a noun] using sound, pictures and film on a computer in addition to text on the screen multimedia systems/products ▶ multimedialny
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multinational1 /ˌmʌltiˈnæʃnəl; US / adj. existing in or involving many countries multinational companies ▶ wielonarodowy wielopaństwowy
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multiple2 /ˈmʌltɪpl; US / noun [countable] a number that contains another number an exact number of times 12, 18 and 24 are multiples of 6. ▶ wielokrotność multiple1 /ˈmʌltɪpl; US / adj. [only before a noun] involving many people or things or having many parts a multiple pile-up on the motorway karambol na autostradzie to receive multiple injuries odnieść liczne obrażenia ▶ złożony wielokrotny
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ˌmultiple-ˈchoice adj. (used about exam questions) showing several different answers from which you have to choose the right one a multiple-choice test ▶ (test) wielokrotnego wyboru
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multiple sclerosis /ˌmʌltɪpl skləˈrəʊsɪs; US / noun [uncountable] (abbr. MS /ˌem ˈes; US /) a serious disease which causes you to slowly lose control of your body and become less able to move ▶ stwardnienie rozsiane
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ˌmultipliˈcation table (also table) noun [countable] a list showing the results when a number is multiplied by a set of other numbers, especially 1 to 12, in turn ▶ tabliczka mnożenia multiplication /ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] the act or process of multiplying I can add up in my head, but I need a calculator to do multiplication. ▶ mnożenie
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3[intransitive] (used especially about animals) to increase in number by producing large numbers of young ▶ rozmnażać się inizia ad imparare
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2[intransitive, transitive] to increase or make sth increase by a very large amount We’ve multiplied our profits over the last two years. ▶ pomnażać (się) zwielokrotniać (się) mʌltɪplaɪ verb (multiplying; multiplies; past tense, past participle multiplied) ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1 [intransitive, transitive] multiply A by B to increase a number by the number of times mentioned 2 multiplied by 4 makes 8 ▶ mnożyć
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multi-purpose /ˌmʌlti ˈpɜ: pəs; US / adj. that can be used for several different purposes a multi-purpose tool/machine ▶ wielofunkcyjny
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multiracial /ˌmʌltiˈreɪʃl; US / adj. including or involving several different races of people a multiracial society ▶ wielorasowy
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ˌmulti-storey ˈcar park (also ˌmulti-ˈstorey; US ˈparking garage) noun [countable] a large building with several floors for parking cars in ▶ parking wielopoziomowy
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2 the activity of doing several things at the same time Are women better at multitasking than men? ▶ wykonywanie kilku czynności jednocześnie wielozadaniowość multitasking /ˌmʌltiˈtɑ: skɪŋ; US -ˈtæsk- / noun [uncountable] 1 the ability of a computer to operate several programs at the same time ▶ wielozadaniowość
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mumble /ˈmʌmbl; US / verb [i, t] to speak quietly without opening your mouth properly, so that people cannot hear the words I can’t hear if you mumble. Last night you kept mumbling something about a car crash in your sleep. ▶ mamrotać
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mumps /mʌmps; US / noun [uncountable] an infectious disease, especially of children, that causes the neck to swell to have/catch (the) mumps ▶ (choroba) świnka
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munch /mʌntʃ; US / verb [intransitive, transitive] munch (on sth) to bite and eat sth noisily He sat there munching (on) an apple. ▶ chrupać
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mundane /mʌnˈdeɪn; US / adj. ordinary; not interesting or exciting a mundane job ▶ prozaiczny przyziemny
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municipal /mju:ˈnɪsɪpl; US / adj. connected with a town or city that has its own local government municipal buildings ▶ miejski komunalny
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munitions /mju:ˈnɪʃnz; US / noun [pl.] military supplies, especially bombs and guns ▶ amunicja uzbrojenie
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mural /ˈmjʊərəl; US / noun [countable] a large picture painted on a wall ▶ malowidło ścienne
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2[uncountable] (informal) a very difficult or unpleasant experience It’s murder trying to work when it’s as hot as this. Zmuszać się do pracy w tak upalny dzień – to morderstwo. ▶ morderstwo murder /ˈmɜ: də(r); US / nou 1 [c, u] the crime of killing a person illegally and on purpose to commit murder He was sentenced to life imprisonment for murder. a vicious murder the murder victim the murder weapon narzędzie zbrodni ▶ morderstwo
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get away with murder to do whatever you want without being stopped or punished He lets his students get away with murder. ▶ robić co tylko chcesz (bez skrępowania/bezkarnie) □ murder verb It seems that she was murdered with a knife. ▶ mordować ⇨ note at kill —murderer /; US / noun [countable] The murderers were given a life sentence. ▶ morder-ca/czyni
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□ murmur noun [countable] 1 the sound of words that are spoken quietly A murmur of disagreement ran round the room. ▶ mruczenie pomrukiwanie mówienie półgłosem 2 a low, gentle, continuous sound that is often not very clear ▶ szemranie pomruk murmur /ˈmɜ: mə(r); US / verb [intransitive, transitive] to say sth in a low quiet voice He murmured a name in his sleep. ▶ mruczeć pomrukiwać
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Riding a bicycle is good for developing the leg muscles. Lifting weights builds muscle. Don’t carry such heavy weights or you’ll pull a muscle (bo naciągniesz sobie mięsień). ▶ mięsień muscle /ˈmʌsl; US / noun [countable, uncountable] one of the parts inside your body that you can make tight or relax in order to produce movement
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muscular /ˈmʌskjələ(r); US / adj. 1 connected with the muscles muscular pain/tissue ▶ mięśniowy 2 having large strong muscles a muscular body ▶ muskularny umięśniony
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2(Muse) (in ancient Greek and Roman stories) one of the nine goddesses who encouraged poetry, music and other branches of art and literature ▶ muza muse /mju: z; US / noun [countable] 1 a person or spirit that gives a writer, painter, etc. ideas and the desire to create things He felt that his muse had deserted him. ▶ muza
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museum /mjuˈzi:əm; US / noun [countable] ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW a building where collections of valuable and interesting objects are kept and shown to the public Have you been to the Science Museum in London? ▶ muzeum
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mush /mʌʃ; US / noun [uncountable, sing.] a soft thick mass or mixture The vegetables had turned to mush. His insides suddenly felt like mush. ▶ papka breja
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Zbieranie grzybów nie jest popularną formą spędzania czasu w krajach anglojęzycznych. Słowo mushroom prawie zawsze oznacza pieczarkę. Toadstool to muchomor. inizia ad imparare
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/ˈmʌʃrʊm ; -ru:m ; US / noun [countable] a type of plant which grows very quickly, has a flat or round top and can be eaten as a vegetable A mushroom is a type of fungus. mushroom soup to go mushroom picking iść na grzyby ▶ grzyb jadalny pieczarka
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3 having a pleasant sound like music a musical voice ▶ melodyjny musical1 /ˈmju: zɪkl; US / adj. ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1[only before a noun] connected with music Can you play a musical instrument? ▶ muzyczny 2 interested in or good at music He’s very musical. ▶ muzykalny
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□ musically /-kli; US / adv. She is musically gifted. ▶ muzycznie muzykalnie
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musician /mjuˈzɪʃn; US / noun [countable] a person who plays a musical instrument or writes music, especially as a job ▶ muzyk muzykant
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Muslim /ˈmʊzlɪm; US / noun [countable] a person whose religion is Islam ▶ muzułman-in/ka □ Muslim (also Moslem /ˈmɒzləm; US /) adj. Muslim traditions/beliefs ▶
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mussel /ˈmʌsl; US / noun [countable] a shellfish that you can eat, with a black shell in two parts ▶ małż jadalny
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My doctor says I have to give up smoking. Must stosuje się też w pisanym języku formalnym w celu formułowania praw lub reguł: Mobile phones must be switched off in the library. Uważaj na formę mustn’t, która znaczy „nie wolno“ Must czy have to? Must wyraża osobiste odczucia osoby mówiącej: I must wash my hair tonight. Natomiast have to używane jest w kontekście prawa, reguł lub opinii wyrażanej przez osobę reprezentującą władzę: Children have to go to school. • inizia ad imparare
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must/have to - had to - had to (used for saying that you feel sure that sth is true) Have something to eat. You must be hungry I can’t find my watch. I must have left it at home. There’s a lot of noise from next door. They must be having a party. must1 /məst; strong form mʌst; US / modal verb (negative must not; short form mustn’t /ˈmʌsnt; US /) 1 I must remember to go to the bank today. You mustn’t (nie wolno) take photographs in here. It’s forbidden. ▶ musieć potrzebować
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must2 /mʌst; US / noun [countable] a thing that you strongly recommend This book is a must for all science fiction fans. ▶ konieczność
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mustard /ˈmʌstəd; US / noun [uncountable] a cold yellow or brown sauce that tastes hot and is eaten in small amounts with meat ▶ musztarda
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2[intransitive] to change into a new form Rhythm and blues mutated into rock and roll. ▶ przekształcać się (w coś) ⇨ look at mutation mutate /mju:ˈteɪt; US ˈmju: t- / verb mutate (into sth) 1[intransitive, transitive] to develop or make sth develop a new form or structure, because of a genetic change the ability of the virus to mutate into new forms mutated genes ▶ mutować (się)
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mutation /mju:ˈteɪʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] a change in the genetic structure of a living or developing thing; an example of such a change mutations caused by radiation ▶ mutacja
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mute /mju: t; US / adj. 1 not speaking a look of mute appeal The child sat mute in the corner of the room. ▶ niemy oniemiały
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muted /ˈmju: tɪd; US / adj. 1 (used about colours or sounds) not bright or loud; soft ▶ pastelowy łagodny przytłumiony 2 (used about a feeling or reaction) not strongly expressed muted criticism a muted response ▶ stłumiony powściągliwy
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mutter /ˈmʌtə(r); US / verb [intransitive, transitive] to speak in a low, quiet and often angry voice that is difficult to hear He muttered something about being late and left the room. ▶ mamrotać mruczeć
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mutton /ˈmʌtn; US / noun [uncountable] the meat from an adult sheep a leg/shoulder of mutton udo/łopatka barani-e/a ▶ baranina barani
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2[only before a noun] mutual interests It seems that Jane is a mutual friend of ours. ▶ wspólny □ mutually /-tʃuəli; US / adv. The two views are not mutually exclusive (nie są ze sobą sprzeczne). ▶ wzajemnie obustronnie obopólnie ˈmju: tʃuəl adj. 1 (used about a feeling or an action) felt or done equally by both people involved We have a mutual agreement to help each other out when necessary. I just can’t stand her and I’m sure the feeling is mutual. ▶ wzajemny obustronny
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□ muzzle verb [transitive, usually passive] Dogs must be kept muzzled. ▶ nakładać kaganiec inizia ad imparare
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2 a cover made of leather or wire that is put over an animal’s nose and mouth so that it cannot bite ▶ kaganiec 3 the open end of a gun where the bullets come out ▶ wylot lufy muzzle /ˈmʌzl; US / noun [countable] 1 the nose and mouth of an animal, especially a dog or a horse ▶ pysk morda
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2 (used to emphasize the person who does the action) I’ll speak to her myself. I’ll do it myself. ▶ (ja) sam/a osobiście myself /maɪˈself; US / pron. ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1 (used when the person who does an action is also affected by it) I looked at myself in the mirror. I felt rather pleased with myself. ▶ się siebie
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2 (used about a person) keeping sth secret or refusing to explain sth They’re being very mysterious about where they’re going this evening. ▶ skryty tajemniczy zagadkowy □ mysteriously /; US / adv. ▶ tajemniczo mysterious /mɪˈstɪəriəs; US / adj. ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1 that you do not understand or cannot explain; strange Several people reported seeing mysterious lights in the sky. ▶ tajemniczy
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2[uncountable] the quality of being strange and secret and full of things that are difficult to explain novels full of mystery and suspense There’s a lot of mystery surrounding this case. ▶ tajemniczość mystery /ˈmɪstri; US / noun (pl. mysteries) 1[countable] a thing that you cannot understand or explain The cause of the accident is a complete mystery. It’s a mystery to me what my daughter sees in her boyfriend. ▶ tajemnica
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mystical /ˈmɪstɪkl; US / (also mystic) adj. connected with the spirit; strange and wonderful Watching the sun set over the island was an almost mystical experience. ▶ mistyczny mystic /ˈmɪstɪk; US / noun [countable] a person who spends their life developing their spirit and communicating with God or a god ▶ misty-k/czka
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2 an idea or story which many people believe but that does not exist or is false The idea that money makes you happy is a myth. ▶ mit mistyfikacja myth /mɪɵ; US / noun [countable] 1 a story from past times, especially one about gods and men of courage. Myths often explain natural or historical events. ▶ mit SYNONYM legend
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mythical /ˈmɪɵɪkl; US / adj. 1 existing only in myths (1) mythical beasts/heroes ▶ mityczny 2 not real or true; existing only in the imagination ▶ mityczny
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mythology /mɪˈɵɒlədʒi; US / noun [uncountable] very old stories and the beliefs contained in them Greek and Roman mythology ▶ mitologia □ mythological /ˌmɪɵəˈlɒdʒɪkl; US / adj. mythological figures/stories ▶ mitologiczny
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