Mózg po angielsku

NEURON

is a nerve cell.

PSYCHOLOGY

study of the brain or mind and how it influences the ways in which people act

ENVIRONMENT

is a physical setting.

PHYSICAL STATES

status of the body’s systems in a particular circumstance.

FUNCTIONS

is the job or purpose on something.

BEHAVIOR

observable action or reaction to something.

PROCESS

set of events that take place in a certain order and have a specific result or process something is to take it and understand it

AFFECT

to affect something is to change it.

ASSESS

to asses something is to evaluate and define it.

CNS (CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM)

made of brain and the spinal cord, and sends and receives mesages to and from the rest of the body to direct behavior.

MENTAL

something related to the brain.

TREAT

to treat a medical condition is to try to correct it or make it less severe.

PNS (PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM)

part of the nervous system that is outside of the brain and spinal cord.

SENSORY NERVE

is a nerve that sends information from the body to the brain or spinal cord.

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for the unconscious control of the body’s internal systems, such as organs and glands.

MOTOR NERVE

is a nerve that sends messages from the brain or spinal cord to the body’s muscles and controls movements.

SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

is the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for the body’s controllable movements.

REFLEX

is an uncontrolled and unlearned response to stimulus.

SENSORY INFORMATION

is a data that comes from the sense organs like eyes or ears.

INVOLUNTARY

action that person cannot control or influence it.

VOLUNTARY

if an action is voluntary, a person can control or influence it.

SPINAL CORD

is a long, thick group of nerves that extends from the brain down the backbone.

WHITE MATTER

is a part of the central nervous system that does not contain the bodies of nerve cells.

SYMPATETHIC DIVISION

of the autonomic nervous system controls the body’s responses to threatening, dangerous or otherwise arousing situations.

PARASYMPATETHIC DIVISION

part of the autonomic nervous system controls the body when it is at rest.

GRAY MATTER

is a part of the central nervous system that contains the bodies of nerve cells.

BRAIN

is the organ of the body that is responsible for thinking and controlling the body.

AUDITORY CORTEX

region of the cerebrum located in the temporal lobe and is responsible for interpreting sounds.

CEREBRUM

is the largest part of the human brain.

TEMPORAL LOBE

is the bottom middle part of the cerebrum, and is responsible for languagelearning, speech, and forming new memories.

VISUAL CORTEX

is a region of the cerebrum located in a occipital lobe, and is responsible for interpreting information from the eyes.

FRONTAL LOBE

is the front part of the cerebrum, and is responsible for high level thinking, such as complex problem solving and planning.

INSULAR LOBE

is a part of the cerebrum inside of the groove that separates the frontal lobes from the parietal and temporal lobes, and is responsible for consciousness, motor control, and emotion.

PARIETAL LOBE

is the top middle part of the cerebrum, and is responsible for processing different kinds of sensory information.

OCCIPITAL LOBE

is the rear part of the cerebrum and is responsible for processug visual information from the eyes.

HEMISPHERE

is one half of something that is round.

SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX

is a region of the cerebrum located in the parietal lobe, and is responsible for interpreting information about the bod’s position, temperature and pain.

INTEGRATE

to integrate something is to make it a part of a larger whole.

MOTOR CORTEX

is a region of the cerebrum on the boundary of the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes, and is responsible for planningand executing movement.

CORPUS CALLOSUM

is a bundle of fibers that connects the left hemisphere of the cerebrum to the right hemisphere of the cerebrum.

BRAIN STEM

a part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord and includes: the medulla, pons and midbrain.

PITUITARY GLAND

is a gland that is located below the brain, which secretes hormones that control growth, conversion of nutrients, and other bodily functions.

MEDULLA

is the lower of the brainstem, which controls heart rate, blood pressure and breathing.

CEREBELLUM

is a part of the brain located at the rear of the bottom of the brain, which mostly controls movement.

MIDBRAIN

is a part of the brain that is located near the center, which helps control the functions of vision, hearing, and is responsible for planning and executing movement.

HYPOTHALAMUS

is a part of the brain that is located below the thalamus and above the brain stem, which controls body temperature, fatigue, hunger and thirst.

LIMBIC SYSTEM

is a collection of nerves in the brain, which contains the amygdalae and controls basic emotions.

THALAMUS

is a part of the brain that is located between the cerebral cortex and midbrain, which helps control consciousness, sleep and alertness.

PONS

is a part of the brainstem that transmits signals from the cerebrum to the medulla, then from the medulla to the thalamus.

AMYGDALAE

are two groups of nuclei in the brain’s limbic system, which help control emotions and the sense of smell.

ACETYLCHOLINE

neuromodulator that allows the spinal cord to control muscles, among other functions.

NEUROMODULATOR

is a network of neurotransmitters that transmit information to multiple systems in the body at once.

GLAND

is an organ that produces a particular chemical – mostly hormones.

INSULIN

is a hormone that regulates the amount of sugar in blood.

NEUROTRANSMITTER

is a chemical that transmits a signal from one neuron to another.

ENDORPHIN

is a hormone that acts as a neurotransmiter affecting sensations of pleasure and pain.

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

is a system of gland that release hormones into the body to regulate it.

HORMONE

is a substance that causes a body’s cells to perform a particular action.

REGULATE

to regulate a process is to control its amount or frequency.

NOREPINEPHRINE

is a hormone that the brain produces under stress, which acts as a neurotransmitter and controls functions such as heart rate and blood pressure.

SENSORY DEPRIVATION

is the lack of normal amounts of sensory perception.

ABSOLUTE TRESHOLD

smallest amount of stimulation that an observer can detect

SENSE

is an ability by which the body perceives something around it.

SELECTIVE ATTENTION

is the process of focusing on a small part of the environment while blocking out the rest of the environment.

DIFFERENCE TRESHOLD

smallest difference in stimulation that an observer can detect while comparing two stimuli.

SENSATION

is the detection or the experience of something in the surrounding environment resulting from stimulation of sensory organ.

PERCEPTION

is the process that the brain uses to intrepret and organize information from the senses.

PSYCHOPHYSICS

is a branch of psychology that studies the relationship between sensory experiences and the physical properties of stimuli.

SENSORY INFORMATION

is a data that comes from the sense organs like eyes or ears.

TRANSDUCTION

is a process performed by sensory organs in which one type of Energy becomes another.

SENSORY ADAPTATION

is the reduction in response to a sensory perception that occurs when a stimulus is repetitive or unchanging.

ALPHA WAVES

relatively slow and large brainwaves and generally occur during relaxed wakefulness.

MELATONIN

is a hormone that helps regulate circadian rhythms.