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inizia ad imparare
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diversity of opinions/views
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przyjąć postawę / uważać, że... inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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attitude to/ towards someone / something
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inizia ad imparare
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brać udział w czymś, przyczyniać się do czegoś, ofiarowywać pieniądze na coś, pisać coś do gazety inizia ad imparare
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to contribute to sth, sb, to a newspaper
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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rzucać [perf rzucić] się w czyjąś stronę/w stronę czegoś inizia ad imparare
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rush towards someone/something
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ponaglać kogoś, [by coś zrobił] inizia ad imparare
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rush someone [to do something]
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nie śpiesz się — zrób to kiedy zechcesz inizia ad imparare
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don't rush — take as long as you like
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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wystawny, liczny, imponujący, ogromny inizia ad imparare
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lavish (meal, promises, praise, production)
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zostawać dłużej, pozostać w okolicy, trzymać się w pobliżu inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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pisk (of animal, wheel) (of door, hinge) skrzypnięcie inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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warming climate / global warming
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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We haven't discussed the matter in detail yet.
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inizia ad imparare
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disclose/divulge details about/of She refused to disclose/divulge any details about/of the plan.
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inizia ad imparare
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I won't go into detail over the phone, but I've been having a few health problems recently.
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inizia ad imparare
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A police officer took down the details of what happened.
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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My view on it is, that...
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inizia ad imparare
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spojrzeć na coś pod innym kątem inizia ad imparare
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to view sth from a different angle
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podchodzić do czegoś podejrzliwie/entuzjastycznie inizia ad imparare
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to view sth with suspicion/enthusiasm
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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have/hold/share/take the view that Many people have/hold/share/take the view that children should not be physically punished.
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inizia ad imparare
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We had a friendly exchange of views (= discussion)
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stale, in a gradual, regular way over a period of time inizia ad imparare
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Prices have risen steadily.
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wziąć pod uwagę efekt czegoś inizia ad imparare
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consider the effect of something
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spadać [wartość, ilość], lub pogarszać się inizia ad imparare
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to be on the decline [or in decline]
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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roughly, more or less, approximately
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gromadzić dane / przedstawiać dane inizia ad imparare
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collect data / provide data
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wydaje się, że... wydawać się być inizia ad imparare
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it may appear that... it appears that... appears to be...
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występować w czyimś imieniu inizia ad imparare
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to appear on behalf of sb
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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using physical violence or emotional cruelty inizia ad imparare
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abusive language / After many years in an abusive relationship, she left her husband. / abusive email, guilty of abusive practices, abusive conditions
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zobowiązanie, oddanie się czemuś zobowiązania finansowe, zaangażowanie społeczne inizia ad imparare
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financial commitments, social commitment
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umawiać się z kimś na spotkanie inizia ad imparare
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to arrange a meeting with sb
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załatwiać [perf załatwić] załatwiać [perf załatwić] komuś coś załatwiłem, że podjedzie po nią samochód inizia ad imparare
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to arrange for sb to have sth, I've arranged for the car to pick her up
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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prenup (prenuptial agreement)
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przyłączać się, podążać za modą inizia ad imparare
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to climb [or jump] on the bandwagon
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inizia ad imparare
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to give sth careful consideration
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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over the course of live / over [UK] the course of time / over the life
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zmieniające się okoliczności inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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to sustain injuries / get injured
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inizia ad imparare
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sustain growth, sustain relationships, sustain effort
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a very unpleasant and painful or difficult experience, gehenna inizia ad imparare
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Throughout the ordeal, he was sustained by the belief that he would get home.
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inizia ad imparare
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I am afraid your plan is not commercially/economically/financially/politically viable.
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alternatywa, opcja, propozycja, kandydant inizia ad imparare
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alternative/option/proposition, He would be a viable candidate for any office he wanted to run for.
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zdolny do utrzymania się przy życiu inizia ad imparare
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There is a continuing debate about the age at which a human foetus can be considered viable.
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inizia ad imparare
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It's hard to put a monetary value on the harm that was done.
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inizia ad imparare
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średnio, średnie (zarobki, przychody, opady...) dzienna, miesięczna, kwartalna średnia inizia ad imparare
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on average (earnings, incoms, rainfalls...) daily/monthly/quarterly average
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ponadprzeciętny, powyżej przeciętnej / poniżej przeciętnej inizia ad imparare
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above (the) average / below (the) average
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inizia ad imparare
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You need a bit of modesty and humility to achieve that. He doesn't have the humility to admit when he's wrong. They might be very rich, but it wouldn't hurt them to show a little humility.
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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natychmiastowa, długoterminowa, daleko terminowa inizia ad imparare
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long-term/short-term/immediate benefit
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starać się o..., być na..., osoba pobierająca zasiłek inizia ad imparare
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claim benefits, to be on benefit, unemployment/disability/housing benefit, a benefit claimant
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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to be a hidden cause of or strong influence on something. More fundamental economic problems may underlie last week’s stock market slide.
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the fact of agreeing with, accepting, or supporting something that another person suggests or does inizia ad imparare
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If you want to go ahead with these plans, you'll need buy-in from the employees. Key to the scheme's success, he said, is the buy-in it gets from both students and parents.
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the fact of stopping being involved in something "olewanie", "nie zależy", "nie angażowanie się" inizia ad imparare
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Young people's disengagement from politics is part of a wider trend. This disengagement from social life is thought to be natural in older people.
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błahy, mało ważny, drobny, insignificant, inizia ad imparare
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szkodliwy dla czegoś [harmful] / beneficial inizia ad imparare
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detrimental effect/impact
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skaza, defekt, mankament [w...] inizia ad imparare
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flaw, [defect, shortcoming, blemish] serious/major/minor flaw (in sth) I returned the material because it had a flaw in it. A tiny mark flawed the otherwise perfect silk shirt.
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inizia ad imparare
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There's a fatal flaw in your reasoning.
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to publicly say that a person, group, or business has done something wrong inizia ad imparare
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The report names and shames companies that are not doing enough to fight industrial pollution.
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inizia ad imparare
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Feelings that had been bottled up for years came flooding out.
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very quickly or very soon inizia ad imparare
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The kids ate their dinner in no time.
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umiejętności zarządzania finansami the ability to understand basic principles of business and finance inizia ad imparare
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financial literacy class/seminar/program
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umiejętność obsługi komputera the ability to use computers well inizia ad imparare
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Computer literacy will soon be as essential as driving a car. For the past four years I have been running courses in basic computer literacy.
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wprowadzać w życie [plan, zarys] inizia ad imparare
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execute [plan, scheme] / put into practice
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inizia ad imparare
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gruntownie coś rozumieć, zgłębić inizia ad imparare
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have / give / gain insight into sth
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inizia ad imparare
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This tragic incident underlines the need for tighter safety measures. These findings underline the importance of nursery education.
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the quality of being able to attract and excite people inizia ad imparare
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the allure of working in television
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zrównać, wyrównać, ułożyć inizia ad imparare
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Make sure the columns align in the chart. Align the ruler and the middle of the paper and then cut it straight. When you've aligned the notch on the gun with the target, fire!
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made by a particular company and sold under a particular name inizia ad imparare
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Most supermarkets sell branded goods such as Heinz ketchup or Kellogg's cornflakes as well as own-brand goods.
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zaskoczony, zbity z tropu inizia ad imparare
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confounded [surprised, confused]
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inizia ad imparare
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Jazz is a generic term for a wide range of different styles of music. a generic problem with sth
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klarowność; czystość; niewinność dźwięku, rasowa, etniczna, wody inizia ad imparare
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ethnic/racial purity, purity of voice, air/water purity
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oparcie, tracić równowagę inizia ad imparare
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footing, to lose one's footing
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na gruncie naukowym/oficjalnym na równi z... inizia ad imparare
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on a scientific/official footing, on an equal footing with...
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przeglądać, przekartkować (książkę, gazetę) inizia ad imparare
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zachęta, bodziec, motywacja ulgi podatkowe ulga finansowa inizia ad imparare
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tax incentives / finantial incentive
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żyć z dnia na dzień, w sposób ledwo wystarczalny inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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She had saved some money for a rainy day.
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inizia ad imparare
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zastanawiać [perf zastanowić] się nad czymś inizia ad imparare
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to reflect on sth, ponder something
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w niektórych sytuacjach... inizia ad imparare
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wygłosić [pozytywną] uwagę, zauważać robić uwagi na temat kogoś/czegoś inizia ad imparare
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remark / make a [positive] remark to remark (up)on sb/sth personal comment [or remark]
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nieakceptowalny [to disapprove of something] inizia ad imparare
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Smoking is frowned upon in many societies.
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inizia ad imparare
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to miss out on sth [chance, opportunity]
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to speak with enthusiasm about something inizia ad imparare
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The candidate talked up his own plan to provide coverage for 27 million uninsured Americans. If we talk up the event, people will come.
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to complete or finish something inizia ad imparare
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It’s getting late – let’s wrap it up. She wrapped up a deal just before she left on vacation.
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rozszerzać ofertę gdzieś (o coś) inizia ad imparare
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ustępować z jakiegoś stanowiska inizia ad imparare
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to delay something so that it happens later than planned inizia ad imparare
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The target date for construction has been pushed back.
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wspierać [perf wesprzeć] finansowo / wpłacić kaucję za kogoś inizia ad imparare
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Run up a debt - zaciągać długi / Run up a bill - otrzymać rachunek She keeps running up huge debts and asking friends to bail her out.
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(of a business) to fail financially, become bankrupt inizia ad imparare
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Nothing could be done to keep the bank from going under.
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wjeżdżać, wyjeżdżać na ulicę inizia ad imparare
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A car pulled right out in front of me.
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to stop being involved in an activity Business English inizia ad imparare
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Lack of funding leaves us with no choice but to pull out. As part of the restructuring plan we will be pulling out of all operations in mainland Europe.
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skupić się na, [to direct all your attention to one thing] inizia ad imparare
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zero in (on something/someone) We’ve zeroed in on the real problem – we don’t save enough money.
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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to come across well/badly
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If someone or something is one of the most important influences in causing it to happen inizia ad imparare
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She was instrumental in bringing about the prison reform act. As secretary of state, he was instrumental in the creation of NATO.
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to pierwsze... to drugie (ostatnie) the first / last of two people, things, or groups previously mentioned inizia ad imparare
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podejmować, angażować się w inizia ad imparare
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umiejętnie, zręcznie, wprawnie inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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posuwać się naprzód, czynić postępy, zbliżać się do kogoś/czegoś inizia ad imparare
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The troops advanced on the city (= approached it, ready to attack). The fire advanced steadily through the forest. We have advanced greatly in our knowledge of the universe. He's just trying to advance (= improve) his own career.
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wzbudzić podejrzenie / mieć nieodparte/niejasne wrażenie inizia ad imparare
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rise suspicion / have nagging/sneaking suspicion I had no suspicion that the firm might close They had been fooling me all along, and I had no suspicion. I've got a sneaking suspicion that we're going the wrong way. We always had the suspicion that their marriage was not happy. I had a suspicion that he was up to something.
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inizia ad imparare
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In this particular case, they are above/beyond suspicion (= cannot be thought to be guilty). His strange behaviour aroused/raised his neighbours' suspicions. "I'm arresting you on suspicion of illegally possessing drugs," said the police officer. In these cases, the parents usually come under suspicion. She is under suspicion of murder.
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inizia ad imparare
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You must acknowledge the truth of her argument. [+ obj + to infinitive ] She is usually acknowledged to be one of our best artists. They refused to acknowledge (= to recognize officially) the new government. She acknowledged having been at fault. [+ that ] She acknowledged that she had been at fault.
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to tell someone, usually in a letter or email, that you have received something they sent you inizia ad imparare
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They didn't acknowledge my letter. acknowledge receipt of Please acknowledge receipt of this letter.
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to show that you have seen someone inizia ad imparare
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He didn't even acknowledge my presence. He walked past her, without acknowledging her presence by the slightest alteration in his expression.
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to make something seem less important or less bad than it really is inizia ad imparare
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The government has been trying to downplay the crisis.
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odwzajemniać się, rewanżować się inizia ad imparare
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to reciprocate [with sth]
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to speak with enthusiasm about something inizia ad imparare
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talk up something/someone The sales team has been keen to talk up the promotion The candidate talked up his own plan to provide coverage for 27 million uninsured Americans.
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to start to exist suddenly inizia ad imparare
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Thousands of new businesses have sprung up in the past couple of years.
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klątwa / (przeciwieństwo wszystkiego, w co się wierzy) something that is considered completely wrong and offensive something that is strongly disliked or disapproved of inizia ad imparare
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The idea of higher taxes is anathema to most conservatives. Credit controls are anathema to the government. For older employees, the new system is an anathema.
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potajemnie, skrycie, ukradkowo jawnie, otwarcie inizia ad imparare
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covertly [secretly, furtively] overtly
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przeprowadzać czystkę, wyeliminować, usuwać to get rid of something unwanted, harmful, or evil to get rid of people from an organization because you do not agree with them inizia ad imparare
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Roman Catholics go to confession to purge their souls/themselves (from/of sin). The new state governor has promised to purge the police force of corruption. Party leaders have undertaken to purge the party of extremists. Hard-liners are expected to be purged from the administration.
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ścisły, sztywny, surowy, skostniały, nieustępliwy przeciwieństwo inizia ad imparare
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rigid routine, rigid rules, rigid views, rigid person flexible
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uległość, całkowite posłuszeństwo, podporządkowanie (subjection) złożenie (wniosku, aplikacji) inizia ad imparare
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submission (of applications)
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przekazać komuś pozdrowienia inizia ad imparare
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to give one's regards to sb
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inizia ad imparare
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odnosić się do kogoś/czegoś inizia ad imparare
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relate to somebody/something
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to keep and protect something from damage, change, or waste inizia ad imparare
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conserve your energy I'm not being lazy - I'm just conserving my energy for later. conserve your strength He rested all morning, conserving his strength for the competition in the afternoon. To conserve electricity, we are cutting down on our heating. The nationalists are very eager to conserve their customs and language.
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to make the effort to do something (fatygować się, starać się) inizia ad imparare
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I don't know why he bothers to bet - his horses always come in last. Don't bother drying the pans - just leave them to drain. It annoys me that she didn't bother to phone. Why bother getting up at all when you don't have a job to go to? Don't bother making the bed - I'll do it later. You'd have found it if you'd bothered looking/to look. He hasn't even bothered to write. You could have phoned us but you just didn't bother.
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martwić, zasmucać [to make someone feel worried or upset] inizia ad imparare
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I don't care if he doesn't come - it doesn't bother me. It bothers me that he doesn't seem to notice. Does it bother you that he's out so much of the time? Living on my own has never bothered me.
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inizia ad imparare
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I didn't want to bother her with work matters on her day off. The noise was beginning to bother us, so we left. She threatened to call the police if he didn't stop bothering her. Don't bother your father when he's working. sorry to bother you I'm sorry to bother you, but could you help me lift this suitcase?
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pozbywać się kogoś/czegoś/ skończyć z kimś / z czymś [end a regular habit or custom] inizia ad imparare
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How could they do away with a beautiful old building like that and put a car park there instead? These ridiculous rules and regulations should have been done away with years ago. Computerization has enabled us to do away with a lot of paperwork.
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uchwalać, ustanawiać [prawo] make something into a law inizia ad imparare
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ofiara śmiertelna, śmiertelność inizia ad imparare
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domagać się czegoś, przekonywać kogoś to try to persuade a politician, the government, or an official group that a particular thing should or should not happen, or that a law should be changed inizia ad imparare
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lobby sb [convince, persuade] They are lobbying for tax cuts. We are lobbying for changes to the law on drinking and driving. Farmers lobbied hard against the export bans. They lobbied to have the head teacher removed. They are lobbying for better healthcare facilities. Small businesses have lobbied hard for/against changes in the tax laws. Local residents lobbied to have the factory shut down. They have been lobbying Congress to change the legislation concerning guns.
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inizia ad imparare
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There is pressure on the council to reverse its decision. He reversed into a lamppost and damaged the back of the car. They claim the product can reverse the signs of ageing. To complete the test he had to reverse the vehicle into a parking space. The new manager hoped to reverse the decline in the company's fortunes. Now that you have a job and I don't, our situations are reversed. The Court of Appeal reversed the earlier judgment.
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to (cause something or someone to) move or change from one position or direction to another, especially slightly (of an idea, opinion, etc.) to change inizia ad imparare
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Society's attitudes towards women have shifted enormously over the last century. Media attention has shifted recently onto environmental issues. She shifted (her weight) uneasily from one foot to the other. The wind is expected to shift (to the east) tomorrow.
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to discover the causes or origins of something by examining the way in which it has developed inizia ad imparare
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The outbreak of food poisoning was traced to some contaminated shellfish. She has traced her family history back to the seventeenth century. The practice of giving eggs at Easter can be traced back to (= first happened in) festivals in ancient China.
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inizia ad imparare
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złagodzenie [the act of reducing how harmful, unpleasant, or bad something is] inizia ad imparare
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a mitigation plan/measure/project For every possible problem, there must be a mitigation measure in the plan. mitigation funds/grants/money The victims received federal aid in the form of disaster mitigation funds.
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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in the proximity [of sth]
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wgniecenie, wgniatać, wgniecowy inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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zewnętrzny (noise, interference, matter) przyczyna inizia ad imparare
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egzekwować (law, speed limit), wymuszać (silence, discipline) inizia ad imparare
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It isn't always easy for the police to enforce speed limits. The new teacher had failed to enforce any sort of discipline.
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inizia ad imparare
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in [this] instance, where
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dokładać, starań, aby coś zrobić wcale nie próbował tego ukryć wspólny wysiłek, struggle / wymagać wysiłku inizia ad imparare
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to make/take an effort to do sth he made no effort to hide that joint effort / to be an effort
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zwodniczy, wprowadzający w błąd wprowadzać w błąd nie daj się zwieść pozorom inizia ad imparare
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to mislead don't be misled by appearances
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przez okres życia/ trwania mężczyźni żyją krócej niż kobiety inizia ad imparare
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during the lifespan men have a shorter lifespan than women
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czyjaś słabość do czegoś / rozpieszczać się, pozwalać sobie na coś oddawanie się bez reszty [swojemu] hobby inizia ad imparare
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sb's indulgence in sth / I love champagne but I don't often indulge myself. He was well-known for his indulgence in drink and gambling. Chocolate is my only indulgence. All the pleasures and indulgences of the weekend are over, and I must get down to some serious hard work.
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inizia ad imparare
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in moderation - You can eat whatever you want as long as it's in moderation.
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inizia ad imparare
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nakłaniać kogoś do zrobienia czegoś mieć wielką ochotę coś zrobić inizia ad imparare
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to tempt sb to do sth
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a plan, activity, or situation, you try to do it or achieve it, usually over a long period of time inizia ad imparare
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business / interest / goal
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is temporarily not being dealt with or considered, especially because it is not urgent or important inizia ad imparare
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We've all had to put our plans on the back burner for a while.
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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w skrócie (nie pełnej nazwie lub zdrobniale) inizia ad imparare
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z czasem (w przyszłości) ale też w samą porę po pewnym czasie inizia ad imparare
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after a time
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very quickly or very soon inizia ad imparare
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The kids ate their dinner in no time.
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inizia ad imparare
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Time after time she gets involved in relationships with the wrong men.
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inizia ad imparare
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What genre does the book fall into - comedy or tragedy? genre of art (a literary/musical/film genre)
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przesiewać (odsiać) [to make a close examination of something] inizia ad imparare
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The police are carefully sifting the evidence. I had to sift through all my papers.
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bezbłędny [flawless] inizia ad imparare
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He gave an immaculate performance as the aging hero. dressed in an immaculate white suit / an immaculate garden
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przestarzały, zdezaktualizowany inizia ad imparare
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We need to replace some obsolete equipment. Gas lamps became obsolete when electric lighting was invented. to be rendered obsolete [Typewriters have been rendered obsolete by computers.]
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inizia ad imparare
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powtarzalny [containing or consisting of fixed and repeated groups of words or ideas] inizia ad imparare
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The text was dull and formulaic.
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doczesny, pospolity [very ordinary and therefore not interesting, being part of normal life and not special] inizia ad imparare
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mundane [very ordinary and therefore not interesting, being part of normal life and not special] Mundane matters such as paying bills and shopping for food do not interest her. The show was just another mundane family sitcom.
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zarys (w zarysie), zarysować, zaznaczyć inizia ad imparare
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outline [She drew the outline of the boat and then coloured it in.] Some novelists start by writing an outline. At the interview she outlined what I would be doing. The mountain was visible only in outline as the light faded.
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coś jest nie tak [lub nie w porządku] inizia ad imparare
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I could see by the look on their faces that something was amiss.
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inizia ad imparare
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take something amiss [feel offended] I was worried that he might take my remark amiss.
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najdotkliwiej coś odczuwać, odczuć [impet, siła] inizia ad imparare
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take the brunt of sth The infantry [piechota] has taken/borne the brunt of the missile attacks. Small companies are feeling the full brunt of the recession.
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providing the right conditions for something good to happen or exist inizia ad imparare
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be conducive to something Such a noisy environment was not conducive to a good night's sleep. A quiet room is a more conducive atmosphere for studying.
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zadania wymagające skupienia inizia ad imparare
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full of energy and enthusiasm; interesting and exciting pełen życia tętniący życiem ożywiony bujny inizia ad imparare
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It's hard work teaching a class of lively children. a lively city They take a lively interest in their grandchildren. lively conversation, lively imagination lively place, lively person
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inizia ad imparare
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Asians constitute seven percent of the population, Women constitute about ten percent of Parliament. What consitutes an aproprate workplace?
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inizia ad imparare
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to vie with sb for sth [compete with someone for sth]
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inizia ad imparare
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The talk was about educational opportunities for adults, and the speaker also touched upon sources of finance. Of course, we only touched on how much I would be paid.
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odbijać się źle na czymś [to affect other people's opinion of someone or something, especially in a bad way] inizia ad imparare
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When one player behaves disgracefully, it reflects (badly) on the whole team. The whole affair does not reflect well on the government.
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przemyśleć, odzwierciedlać odzwierciedlać inizia ad imparare
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His blank face reflected his boredom. Light-colored clothing reflects the sun’s heat rather than absorbing it. Moonlight reflected off the surface of the lake. She felt she needed time to reflect on what to do next. The manager demanded time to reflect (on what to do).
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możliwość zrobienia czegoś [the possibility that something can be made, done, or achieved, or is reasonable] inizia ad imparare
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the feasibility of doing sth We need to investigate the feasibility of an evacuation by air. She expressed her doubts about the feasibility of integrating more countries into the European Union. We're looking at the feasibility of building a shopping centre there.
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nieuchronnie [in a way that cannot be avoided] inizia ad imparare
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Such a large investment inevitably entails some risk. Their arguments inevitably end in tears.
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inizia ad imparare
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give/lend someone a helping hand These tax cuts will give industry a helping hand.
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porcja jedzenia [an amount of food given to one person at one time] inizia ad imparare
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helping of food [an amount of food given to one person at one time] portion / serving He took another helping of dessert.
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silna wola [the ability to control your own thoughts and the way in which you behave] inizia ad imparare
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It took a lot of willpower to stay calm. I don't have the willpower to diet.
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emocjonalna samokonotrla [the characteristic of being calm and in control of your emotions at all times] inizia ad imparare
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She shows remarkable self-possession for a child. He looked surprised but soon recovered his self-possession.
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zazdrosny [wishing you had what another person has] inizia ad imparare
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I'm very envious of your new coat - it's beautiful.
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inizia ad imparare
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Many airline passengers face lengthy delays because of the strike. a lengthy speech / a lengthy discussion/process
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niedokładność, nieścisłość [a situation in which a fact or measurement is not completely correct or exact] inizia ad imparare
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The film is full of historical inaccuracies. The inaccuracy of the missiles greatly diminishes their effectiveness.
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rezygnować z czegoś [to give up or do without] inizia ad imparare
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She decided to forgo flowers at the funeral and asked people to send money to a charity instead.
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inizia ad imparare
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inizia ad imparare
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surge of demand, in popularity of sth
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