Moja lekcja

nakładać się na siebie np. coś należy do paru grup jednocześnie

To overlap

kryterium, criteria

A criterion

To add value

at each stage of manufacturing, the product gains new added value, which finally makes it more expensive than at the beginning

research and development

R & D

information and communication technology

ICT

tangible goods/assets

Material goods/assets

intangible goods/assets

Non-material goods/assets

in Polish it means media for example: water, gas, electricity.

Utilities

in Polish also can mean communication portals etc.

Media

to prosper for example: thriving economy.

To thrive

a person who runs a small business or has an idea for a business.

An entrepreneur, businessman

in Polish it means przedsiębiorczy.

Entrepreneurial

in Polish it means przedsiębiorstwo.

Entrepreneurship

a house and its occupants regarded as a unit.

A household

income remaining after deduction of taxes and social security charges, available to be spent or saved as one wishes.

Disposable income

money received, especially on a regular basis, for work or through investments.

An income

the health, happiness, and fortunes of a person or group.

Welfare

retail trade vs wholesale trades

Retail trade/transaction (sprzedaż detaliczna) vs wholesale trade/transaction (sprzedaż hurtowa)

retail trade vs wholesale trades

As for retail trade/transactions, you usually will buy one thing or a few things, but as for wholesale trades/transactions you need to buy massive amounts of something because you buy straight from the factory.

Extraction or raw materials sector (also agriculture, in general, what nature holds for us to collect, harvest, extract, etc.)

Primary Sector

Manufacturing sector (processing raw materials, manufacturing finished goods

Secondary Sector

Service sector (providing services, selling, or trading goods, finance)

Tertiary Sector

Knowledge sector (education, R & D, technology, IT, ICT)

Quaternary Sector

to operate, to direct, to oversee, to manage (a business, a company)

To run a company

Chief Executive Officer

CEO

Chief Financial Officer

CFO

Human Resources

HR

Managing Director

MD

a situation in the stock market in which the prices of shares are rising

Bull market

a situation in the stock market in which the prices of shares are falling

Bear market

a market in which securities are bought and sold

Stock exchange

to want and get something, one of them shows how much people want something and the other one shows how much is being produced and sold to people

Demand supply

return on investment.

ROI

Fluctuations in the economy in terms of output and growth

The business cycle