Mitosis and Meiosis

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nondisjunction
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results in a new cell having too many or not enough chromosomes
What is the purpose of sexual reproduction?
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genetic variation
What results in genetic variation?
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meiosis
what does crossing over produce?
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genetic variation by producing new combination of alleles (genes)
Meiosis produces...?
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4 haploid cells
Mitosis produces...?
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2 diploid cells
What must occur before a cell can divide?
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DNA replication
What divides the cytoplasm?
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cytokinesis
What is mitosis responsible for?
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growth and development
what role does the centromere play in cellular reproduction?
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it is the area of attachment for chromatids
Which part of the cell cycle is when new cells are formed?
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mitosis
What is the end result of asexual reproduction?
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2 cells
What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
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interphase
What results when cell division happens at a high rate?
inizia ad imparare 		What results when cell division happens in inglese
cancer
What is the correct order for cellular division
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Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
G1, S, and G2 phase are a part of?
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interphase
Cytokinesis (def)
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the last stage, the cytoplasm splits into half forming into two cells
interphase
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consists of G1->S1->G2 phases
metaphase
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chromosomes line up in the center of the cell and spindle fibers attach to chromosomes from centrioles
S phase
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DNA and chromosomes are copied
telophase
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chromosomes unravel into chromatin to provide DNA for new cell
prophase
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chromosomes condense and nucleus and centrioles move to opposite poles
anaphase
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chromosomes are pulled apart and sister chromatids are separated
G1
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the cell grows rapidly and replicates
G2
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replicates the rest of the organelles
cell cycle
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the never-ending process by which all cells in your body replicate
haploid
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half the number of chromosomes
diploid
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the full set of chromosomes
gamete
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reproductive cells
zygote
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a diploid, when two gametes unite together in fertilization
mitosis
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how eukaryotes replicate and divide; major part of the cell cycle
meiosis
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asexual reproduction, a process that reduces the number of chromosomes by half
fertilization
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when two gametes unite together to form a zygote
asexual reproduction
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one parent cell splits into two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
sexual reproduction
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two parents make one or more offspring that are genetically different than the parents
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