l&s 1.

acute

very serious or severe

advertising

The business of trying to persuade people to buy products or services.

agile

able to deal with new situations or changes quickly and successfully

agriculture

The work and methods of growing crops and looking after animals that are then used for food.

agrotourism

the business of providing holidays for people on farms or in the countryside

alone together

It is a phenomenon where people loose focus of their surrounding and others and instead they use their phones and go through the social media.

anticipation

feeling of excitement about something that is going to happen in the near future

anxiety

an uncomfortable feeling of nervousness or worry about something that is happening or might happen in the future.

assemble

To come together in a single place or bring parts together in a single group

be out of the loop

to not have the special knowledge or power that belongs to a particular group of people:

biodegradable

capable of being slowly destroyed and broken down into very small parts by natural processes, bacteria,

biodiversity

the number and types of plants and animals that exist in a particular area or in the world generally, or the problem of protectong this.

blamethrower

An attempt to shift blame for your failures.

blow one’s top

Get furious, throw a fit

blow smbd away

to hugely surprise someone

body language

the movements or positions of your body that show other people how you are feeling, without using words

brainstorming

an activity when a lot of people meet in order to suggest a new ideas

bypass

to go around a place or thing and not through it.

capitalism

a political and economic system in which industry is owned privately for profit and not by the state

carbon emission

definition: carbon dioxide that planes, cars, factories, etc. produce, thought to be harmful to the environment

central business district

the main business and commercial area of a town or city.

clickbait

articles, photographs, etc. on the internet that are intended to attract attention and encourage people to click on links to particular websites

climax

the most important or exciting point in a story or situation.

cognitive resources

are recruited to counteract the emotional influences on perception, attention, memory, and decision-making

cognizant

be aware of sth, understand sth

conception

an idea of what something or someone is like, or a basic understanding of a situationor a principle

connectivity

the ability of a computer, program, device, or system to connect with one or more others.

consensus

definition: a situation in which all the people in a group agree about something

contextualize

To consider something or to help other people consider something in its context (= the situation within which it exists or happens), which can help explain it.

continuum

something that changes in character gradually or in very slight stages without any clear dividing points

contributor

one of the reasons why something happens

comerstone

something of great importance on which everything else depends.

cv

a short written description of your education, qualifications, previous jobs, and sometimes also your personal interests, that you send to an employer when you are trying to get a job.

cyberbullying

the activity of using the internet to harm or frighten another person, especially by sending them unpleasant messages

deepfake

a video or sound recording that replaces someone's face or voice with that of someone else, in a way that appears real.

disclosure

the act of making something known or the fact that is made known

discrepancy

a difference between two things that are expected to be the same

disinformation

false information that is given deliberately

eco city

a human settlement modeled on the self-sustaining resilient structure and function of natural ecosystems.

efficient

working or operating quickly and effectively in an organized way

embroidery

The way that someone makes a story more entertaining by adding imaginary details to it.

endeavor

an attemp to do something

enhance

definition: to improve the quality, amount, or strength of something:

ephemeral

something that is lasting for a very short time. (as an adjective)

equality

the right of different groups of people to have a similar social position and receive the same treatment

diminish

to reduce something in size or importance

equation

the act of considering one thing to be the same as or equal to another:

evaluation

The process of judging or calculating the quality, importance, amount, or value of something.

Exacerbate

to make something that is already bad even worse

faciliator

facilitator a person who helps a group to have an effective dialogue without taking any side of the argument, especially in order to reach a consensus

FOMO

anxiety that an exciting or interesting event may currently be happening elsewhere, often aroused by posts seen on social media

fiddling away

wasting (time)

gesture

a movement of head, arms, or head, etc. to express an idea or feeling.

get smth off the ground

if a plan or activity gets off the ground or you get it off the ground, it starts or succeeds

globalization

globalizationThe process in which things all over the world become more similar.

hail

hail to greet/acclaim enthusiastically, to show approval for someone/something

imperialism

a situation in which one country has a lot of power or influence over others, especially in political and economic matters

inane

extremely silly or with no real meaning or importance

income

Money that is earned from doing work or received from investment

industrial rev

The period of time during which work began to be done more by machines in factories than by hand at home

industrialized

industrializedused to describe a country, economy, area, etc. that has many businesses and factories involved in producing goods.

inequality

the unfair situation in society when some people have more opportunities, money, etc. than other people

infrastructure

the basic systems, such as transport and communication, that a country or organisation uses in order to work effectively.

ingenuity

someone's ability to think of clever new ways of doing something

innovation

the introduction of new things, ideas or ways of doing something

insight

ability to have) a clear, deep, and sometimes sudden understanding of a complicated problem or situation

integrity

honesty and the ability to do or know what is morally right.

irrigation

the practice of supplying water to an area of land through pipes or channels so that crops will grow.

landmass

a large area of land such as a continent that is in one piece and not broken up by oceans.

launch

to begin something such as a plan or introduce something new such as a product

manufacturing

the business of producing goods in large numbers, especially in factories

meadow

a grassy area, typically near a river

mind map

(study method) a type of diagram (=simple plan) with lines and circles for organizing information so that it is easier to use or remember

misinformation

false or misleading information that results from unintentional inaccuracy.

mode

a way of operating, living, or behaving

modernization

the process of starting to use the most recent methods, ideas, equipment, etc. so that something becomes or seems more modern; the act of making something more modern

multimodality

Using more than one semiotic mode in meaning-making, communication, and representation generally, or in a specific situation.

neopronouns

a word used instead of a noun or noun phrase, especially one that is intended to avoid using "he" or "she", a type of gender-neutral pronoun

offshoot

something that has developed from something larger that already existed.

outline

to describe only the most important ideas or facts about something

outsource

to get work done by making a contract with another company to do it, often in another country, rather than in your own company:

pace

the speed at which someone or something moves or does something

phantom phone vibration syndrome

The phantom phone vibration syndrome occurs when a person thinks his or her phone is ringing or vibrating from a text message when it actually is not.

pollution

damage caused to water, air, etc. by harmful substances or waste

ponder

to intensively think about something for a long time

preserve

to keep something in its current state, especially in order to prevent it from being damaged or destroyed

prosody

the rhythm and intonation of language

protectionism

The actions that government takes in order to help its country's trade or industry.

proximity

"the state of being near in space or time"

query

a question, often expressing doubt about something or looking for an answer from someone

redudancy

a situation in which something is unnecessary because it is more than is needed

revitalize

to give new life, energy, activity, or succes to something.

runoff

Water that flows away from high areas to low areas

rural

in, of, or like the countryside

semiotic mode

a way in which one communicates meaningfully or channel of communication

shipping

the act of sending good from one place to another, especially by ship

signoposting lang

small words or phrases that help the reader follow your argument, understand the relationship between your ideas and anticipate what's going to come next

social capital

the value of the relationships between people who work or live together and the knowledge and skills that they have and share

social media

websites and computer programs that allow people to communicate and share information

social media optimization

the use of various methods on social media to make a product or company become well known and popular, so that, for example, people are encouraged to visit a particular website

social network

definition: a website or computer program that allows people to communicate and share information on the internet using a computer or mobile phone

stance

a way of thinking about something, especially expressed in a publicly stated opinion

sustainable

causing little or no damage to the environment, and therefore able to continue for a long time

The Redundancy Effect

the Effect occurs when a redundant material interferes rather than facilitates learning. It happens when the same information is unnecessarily elaborated or presented in multiple forms

throw-away economy

the prevalence of consumer goods which only last for a short period of time

ties

the friendly feelings that people have for other people, or special connections with places

timbre

a quality of sound that makes voice or musical instrument sound different from each other:

to assemble

to gather a group of people in one place or to collect parts in one group

trade

the activity of buying and selling or of exchanging goods or services between people or countries

unprecedented

never having happened or existed in the past

upswing

an increase or improvement

urban

connected with a town or city; of or in a city or town

urbanization

definition: the process by which more and more people leave the countryside to live in cities

vegetation

plants in general, or plants that are found in a particular area

vengeance

the act of punishing or harming someone in return for what they have done to you, your family, or your friends, or the wish for such punishment to happen

viral misery

viral miser Complaining easily becomes a habit, and before you know it, you'll be known as the person who complains about the weather, the news and everything else. This is called 'viral misery'.