Lekcja 18

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Domanda Risposta
prawnie zastrzeżony 2. chroniony patentem (produkt), markowy, autorski
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proprietary
łączyć, połączyć
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coalesce
to combine into a single group or thing:
The theory is that galaxies coalesced from smaller groupings of stars.
być w środku czegoś
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be in the midst of sth
in the middle of an event, situation, or activity:
1. I'm sorry but I'm too busy - I'm in the midst of writing a report. 2. The country is in the midst of an economic crisis.
wytrwałość
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perseverance
continued effort to do or achieve something, even when this is difficult or takes a long time:
1. It took a lot of patience and perseverance for all sides to reach an agreement. 2. Over and over, they have shown perseverance in the face of adversity.
w przeddzień czegoś
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on the eve of something
szanse, prawdopodobieństwo, los
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odds
the probability (= how likely it is) that a particular thing will or will not happen:
1. If you drive a car all your life, the odds are that you'll have an accident at some point. 2. There are heavy odds against people succeeding in such a bad economic climate.
odrętwiały ze strachu
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numb with fear
wymysł wyobraźni
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figment of imagination
something that seems real but is not:
Was it just a figment of my imagination or did I hear John's voice in the other room?
uprzedzenia poznawcze
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cognitive biases
tak przekonujące
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so compelling
If a reason, argument, etc. is compelling, it makes you believe it or accept it because it is so strong:
1. compelling evidence 2. It's a fairly compelling argument for going.
1. złoczyńca, łotr 2. czarny charakter (w literaturze)
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villain
a bad person who harms other people or breaks the law:
1. Some people believe that Richard III was not the villain he is generally thought to have been. 2. He's either a hero or a villain, depending on your point of view.
wziąć pod uwagę coś
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to factor something in
to consider information, esp. as something that might influence a result:
It’s going to feel like 110° there when you factor in the humidity.
sporadyczny, przerywany (np. sen)
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intermittent
not happening regularly or continuously; stopping and starting repeatedly or with periods in between:
1. intermittent rain 2. an intermittent noise 3. Although she made intermittent movie appearances, she was essentially a stage actress.
1. wyprzedzić, zdystansować 2. przewyższyć
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outrun
1. to move faster or further than someone or something: 2. to develop faster or further than something:
1. The men easily outran the police officer who was chasing them. 2. In the future, demand for tungsten will outrun supply.
zdrowy rozsądek, zdrowy rozsądek
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sanity, saneness
1. the state of having a healthy mind and not being mentally ill: 2. the fact of showing good judgment and understanding:
1. He'd been behaving so strangely that they began to doubt/question his sanity. 2. to keep/preserve/retain your sanity 3. The closer we got to the deadline for action, the more I questioned the sanity of the decision we had taken.
piramida finansowa
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ponzi scheme
napędzana innowacją
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propelled innovation
zrozumieć
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comprehend
to understand something completely:
1. I fail to comprehend their attitude. 2. He doesn't seem to comprehend the scale of the problem
przypisywać autorstwo (np. wypowiedzi, tekstu)
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ascribe
to consider something to be caused, created, or owned by someone or something:
1. To what do you ascribe the enormous success of your latest book? 2. People like to ascribe human feelings to animals (= believe animals have human feelings).
1. odzyskanie (np. danych z komputera) 2. odzyskiwanie (np. utraconego przedmiotu)
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retrieval
the process of finding and bringing back something:
1. The box can be opened mechanically to allow retrieval of medications. 2. the storage and retrieval of information
1. precyzować, dokładnie określić 2. precyzyjny
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pinpoint
1. to find out or say the exact position in space or time of something: 2. to discover or describe the exact facts about something:
1. It is not possible to pinpoint precisely the time of death. 2. Emergency workers at the site are still unable to pinpoint the cause of the explosion.
złoczyńca, łotr
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villain
1. a bad person who harms other people or breaks the law: 2. a criminal: 3. a character in a book, play, film, etc. who harms other people:
1a. Some people believe that Richard III was not the villain he is generally thought to have been. 2a. He's either a hero or a villain, depending on your point of view. 3. He made his reputation as an actor playing villains.
najważniejszy, nadrzędny, główny
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paramount
more important than anything else: Synonyms overriding
There are many priorities, but reducing the budget deficit is paramount/is of paramount importance.
kadencja, okres piastowania jakiegoś stanowiska
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tenure
being the legal owner of land, a job, or an official public position, or the period of time during which you own it:
During his tenure as dean, he had a real influence on the students.
nierozerwalnie
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inextricably
in a way that is unable to be separated, released, or escaped from:
1. His name was inextricably linked with the environmental movement. 2. The history of children's literature is inextricably tied to the marketplace.
gorliwy, żarliwy, zaciekły (np. zwolennik jakiejś sprawy)
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ardent
showing strong feelings:
an ardent supporter of Manchester United an ardent feminist
1. drażliwy (temat), trudny (probldrut2. ciernisty (krzak), kolczasty (drut), kolący (kwiat)
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thorny
A thorny problem or subject is difficult to deal with:
the thorny issue of taxation
kołek, hak (coś jak wieszak)
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peg
a small stick or hook that sticks out from a surface and from which objects, especially clothes, can hang:
He took off his coat/hat and hung it on the peg.
1. uratować, ocalić 2. ocalenie, ratunek
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salvage
to try to make a bad situation better:
1. It was a desperate attempt to salvage the situation. 2. After the fraud scandal he had to make great efforts to salvage his reputation.
1. drgać (z bólu) 2. cofać się (ze strachu) 3. upaść na duchu 4. krzywić się (np. na widok czegoś nieprzyjemnego, z bólu)
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wince
to show pain or embarrassment suddenly and for a short time in the face, often moving the head back at the same time:
1. Did I hurt you? I thought I saw you wince. 2. It makes me wince even thinking about eye operations.
tego samego dnia
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on the very day
rzeczownik 1. usterka, zakłócenieprzeszkoda, komplikacja czasownik 2. zaciąć się, przestać działać (na chwilę)
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glitch
a small problem or fault that prevents something from being successful or working as well as it should:
1. We'd expected a few glitches, but everything's gone remarkably smoothly. 2. The system has been plagued with glitches ever since its launch.
czkawka,
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hiccup
(PROBLEM) a problem that delays or interrupts something for a while, but does not usually cause serious difficulties:
We've had one or two slight hiccups, but progress has generally been quite steady.
tak czy inaczej
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either way
"they may leave or they may accept the change, but either way, it'll take some work on your end"
zagmatwany, pogmatwany, poza kontrolą
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haywire
go haywire to stop working, often in a way that is very sudden and noticeable:
The television's gone haywire.
nieprzezroczystość, mętność
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opacity
the state of being opaque, or the degree to which something is opaque
1. poprawiać (wydajność), zwiększać (efektywność), usprawniać (proces) 2. optymalizować, usprawniać (poprzez oszczędności)
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streamline
(IMPROVE) to improve the effectiveness of an organization such as a business or government, often by making the way activities are performed simpler:
1. The cost-cutting measures include streamlining administrative procedures in the company. 2. Leading organizations use software to streamline their workflow.
sztywny, twardy
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rigid
stiff or fixed; not able to be bent or moved: a rigid steel and concrete structure
I was rigid with (= stiff and unable to move because of) fear.
pozbawienie wolności
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detention
the act of officially detaining someone:
Concern has been expressed about the death in detention of a number of political prisoners.
przyjęcie, odbiór (reakcja)
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reception
the way in which people react to something or someone:
Her first book got a wonderful/warm/frosty reception from the critics.
odwołać, anulować
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revoke
to say officially that an agreement, permission, a law, etc. is no longer in effect: Synonyms repeal
The authorities have revoked their original decision to allow development of this rural area.
zawiesić, przerwać, odkładać, odroczyć (spotkanie, posiedzenie)
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adjourn
to have a pause or rest during a formal meeting or trial:
1. The meeting was adjourned until Tuesday. 2. Shall we adjourn for lunch?
kozioł ofiarny
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scapegoat
a person who is blamed for something that someone else has done:
The captain was made a scapegoat for the team's failure
obelga, zniewaga
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insult
an offensive remark or action: Synonym affront
1. She made several insults about my appearance. 2. The steelworkers' leader rejected the two percent pay rise saying it was an insult to the profession.
1. brutalny, okrutny, surowy (nieprzyjemny i niesprawiedliwy, np. los, kara) 2. srogi, surowy (zimny, nieprzyjemny lub niebezpieczny, o warunkach lub klimacie)
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harsh
adjective (UNKIND) unpleasant, unkind, cruel, or more severe than is necessary:
1. harsh criticism 2. The children had had a harsh upbringing. 3. We thought the punishment was rather harsh for such a minor offence.
1. nieograniczony, nieskończony (np. o możliwościach) 2. niejasny, niewyraźny, nieokreślony
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indefinite
not exact, not clear, or without clear limits:
1. The project has been postponed for an indefinite period. 2. an indefinite number of people
pochopna decyzja
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hasty decision
Hasty actions are done in a hurry, sometimes without the necessary care or thought:
1. He warned against making hasty decisions. 2. Now let's not leap to any hasty conclusions.
namieszać, wprowadzać zamieszanie, wprowadzać zamęt IDIOM
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Rock the boat
to do or say something that upsets people or causes problems:
1. It's better not to rock the boat when you first start a job. 2. Don't rock the boat until the negotiations are finished.
1. brudny (dom), nędzny, obskurny (budynek), zapyziały 2. podły (zamiar), plugawy (czyn)
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squalid
1. (DIRTY) (of places) extremely dirty and unpleasant, often because of lack of money: 2. (IMMORAL) (of situations and activities) not moral; involving sex and drugs, etc. in an unpleasant way:
1. Many prisons, even today, are overcrowded and squalid places. 2. It's the usual squalid rock star tale of drugs, sex, and overdoses.
nabrzmiewać, puchnąć, wzrastać, nabrzmiewać
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swell - swelled - swollen
to become larger and rounder than usual; to (cause to) increase in size or amount:
1. It was obvious she had broken her toe, because it immediately started to swell (up). 2. The group recruited more members, swelling its ranks (= increasing its size) to more than 1.3 million.

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