lecture 1

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chromophore
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nonsaturated grouping with electrons on orbital π,
chromophore is responsible for absorption in the range of ultraviolet
C=C, C=O, NO2, CN, Benzene
auxochrome
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grouping possesing electrons on orbital n
when connected to chromophore influences the position and intensity of absorption band
NH, OH, Cl
bathochromic shift
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shift of the maximum of absorption to higher wavelength caused by the presence of substituent or influence of the solvent
hypsochromic shift
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shift of the maximum of absorption to lower wavelength caused by the presence of substituent or influence of the solvent
hyperchromic shift
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increase of absorption caused by the presence of substituent or influence of the solvent
hypochromic shift
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decrease of absorption caused by the presence of substituent or influence of the solvent

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