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Marketing mix (4Ps)
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Product, price, place, and promotion in a marketing strategy.
Market leader
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The top-selling company in a market.
Market challenger
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The second strongest competitor aiming to overtake the leader.
Market follower
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A company that imitates the market leader’s strategy.
Market niche
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A small, specialized market segment.
Market forces
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Economic factors affecting supply and demand.
Market trends
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General directions in which a market is moving.
To customize/to tailor a product
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To adapt a product to individual needs.
A custom-made/ a tailor-made product
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A product designed for a specific user.
Market segmentation (methods of market segmentation)
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Dividing a market by demographics, behavior, etc.
Marketing strategy
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A company’s overall marketing approach.
Marketing plan
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A detailed plan for promoting a product or service.
Marketing drive
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A focused marketing campaign.
Marketing expenditure
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The total cost spent on marketing.
Product lifecycle
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The stages of a product from launch to decline.
Product line
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A group of related products offered by a company.
Product mix/ range / portfolio
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All the products a company sells.
Brand awareness/recognition
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Consumer familiarity with a brand.
Brand preference
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Favoring one brand over others.
Brand loyalty
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Consistent consumer preference for a brand.
Brand insistence
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Refusal to accept substitutes for a preferred brand.
Quantitative vs qualitative data, research
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Numerical vs descriptive data and methods.
Primary vs secondary data
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First-hand data vs existing data sources.
A focus group
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A selected group giving feedback on products.
Markup
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The difference between cost and selling price.
Breakeven analysis, breakeven point
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The point where costs equal revenue.
Market share
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A company’s portion of total sales in a market.
Market segment
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A distinct group of customers in a market.
Profitability
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The ability to generate profit.
Benchmarking
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Comparing business performance to industry bests.
Brand vs trademark
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Brand is the image; trademark is the legal protection.
End-user
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The final consumer of a product.
Value for money
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A good balance between price and quality.
Early adopters
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First users of new products or technologies.
To differentiate, differentiation
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To make a product stand out from competitors.
To diversify, diversification
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To expand into new markets or products.
Market saturation
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When most potential customers already own a product.
Collocations with sales, product, market, price, brand, competition
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Common word pairings with marketing terms.
Commercials
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TV or radio advertisements.
Product placement
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Featuring a product in media content.
Product endorsement
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A celebrity or expert promoting a product.
Sponsorship
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Financial support for promotion in return for visibility.
Advertorials
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Ads presented as editorial content.
Banner ads
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Online rectangular advertisements on websites.
Pop-ups
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Online ads that appear suddenly.
Viral advertising
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Ads spread rapidly via social sharing.
Billboards/hoardings
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Large outdoor advertisements.
Posters
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Printed promotional materials for display.
Free samples
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Complimentary product given for trial.
Leaflet/flyers
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Small printed advertisements.
Mailshots
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Promotional materials sent by post or email.
Point-of-sale advertising
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Ads at the place where sales are made.
Retail outlet
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A store selling goods to customers.
Word-of-mouth
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Promotion through personal recommendations.
Subliminal advertising
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Hidden messages influencing consumers subconsciously.
Special offer
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A temporary price reduction or deal.
Guerilla marketing
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Unconventional promotional tactics.
Niche marketing
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Targeting a specific, defined market segment.
Affinity marketing
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Partnering with groups sharing similar interests.
Cold-calling
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Unsolicited calls to potential customers.
Co-branding
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Joint branding of a product by two companies.
Price sensitivity
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How demand changes with price changes.
Permission marketing
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Ads sent only to users who agree to receive them.
PR
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Public relations; managing public image.
Repeat purchases
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Customers buying a product again.
Cross-selling
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Selling related products to existing customers.
Consumer analysis
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Studying customer behavior and needs.
Brand stretching
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Using a brand name for new products.
Brand extension
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Expanding a brand into different product categories.
Brand families
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Groups of related products under one brand.
Competitive edge/advantage
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A superior position over rivals.
Outlays
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Money spent on a business activity.
Lead times
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Time between order and delivery.
Speed up deliveries
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Make product shipments faster.
Break into/enter/penetrate a market
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Start selling in a new market.
Stand out from/differentiate yourself from competition
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Be distinct from rivals.
Measure up to competition
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Perform at the same level as rivals.
Launch/bring out a product
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Introduce a new product to the market.
Come up with an idea
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Create or invent a new concept.
To bring down overheads
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Reduce fixed operating costs.
To speed up deliveries
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Increase delivery efficiency.
To break into/enter/penetrate a market
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Gain market access for a product.
To be squeezed out of the market
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Be pushed out by stronger competitors.
To come up against/ to take on/ outclass/succumb to/fight back against/ destroy the competition
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Compete or struggle with other businesses.
A booming/thriving/healthy/buoyant market
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A growing and profitable market.
Volatile/unpredictable market
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A market that changes rapidly and unpredictably.
Weak/sluggish/flat/depressed market
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A market with little activity or growth.
SWOT analysis
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Evaluation of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats.
Premium price
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A higher price due to perceived value.
Brand identity
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The visible and emotional image of a brand.
Bring a customer round to an idea
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Persuade someone to accept something.
Client’s mindset
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The attitudes and beliefs of a customer.
A USP
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Unique selling proposition; what makes a product stand out.
Price war
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Competitors cutting prices to gain market share.
A leading brand
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A top-performing brand in its category.
Standardization, to standardize
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Making products or services uniform across markets.
Economies of scale
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Cost advantages from large-scale production.
Cultural sensitivity
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Awareness of cultural differences in marketing.
Market positioning
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How a product is perceived in the market.
Emerging markets
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Rapidly growing economies.
Market entry costs
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Expenses required to enter a market.
Cultural norms
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Common practices and values in a society.
Competitive position
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A company's rank in the marketplace.
Competitive capabilities
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Strengths that allow a company to compete.
Premium brand
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A high-quality, high-priced brand.
Predominantly
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Mainly or mostly.
To opt for sth
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To choose something.
A distinct market
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A clearly defined target market.
A paradigm
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A model or pattern of thinking.
To be pragmatic
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To be practical and realistic.
Corporate identity
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The visual and cultural personality of a company.
Minimum, to minimize, minimal
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The least possible amount.
A buzzword
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A trendy or popular business term.
To be positioned
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How a brand is placed in the consumer's mind.
To be inclined
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To have a tendency or preference.
A paradox of choice
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Too many options makes choosing harder.
Persuasive
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Able to convince someone to act or agree.
To mislead
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To give a false impression.
Well-being
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The state of being healthy and happy.
A tactic
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A short-term action to achieve a goal.
A decoy effect
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A third option makes another more attractive.
To get one over on someone
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To outsmart or deceive someone.
To buy into sth
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To accept or support an idea.
To cancel out (the effects of sth)
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To neutralize or balance something.
To have a trick up one’s sleeve
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To have a secret plan or advantage.
To tap into sth
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To use or exploit a resource or trend.
To have legal standing
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To be recognized by law.
To be well-versed in sth
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To be knowledgeable or skilled in something.
There’s more than meets the eye
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There's a hidden or deeper aspect.
A household name
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A brand or person known by almost everyone.
A pillar
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A fundamental part or strong support.
A stroke of genius
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A brilliant and clever idea.
Lucrative
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Highly profitable.
To soar
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To rise very quickly.
To divulge
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To reveal or disclose information.
Seamless
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Smooth and without interruption.
Black-hat techniques
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Unethical marketing or SEO tactics.
Deceptive practices
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Misleading or dishonest business actions.
To inflate the rankings
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To falsely increase position or rating.
Basic vs dynamic e-mail marketing
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Static vs interactive and personalized email campaigns.
To factor in sth (e.g. data)
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To include something in a calculation or plan.
To scramble
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To move quickly or struggle to act.
To staunch
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To stop or restrict something, like a loss.
To step into the breach
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To take over when needed urgently.
To rewrite the rules of sth
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To completely change how something is done.
Avid
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Enthusiastic and eager.
To fall flat
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To fail to produce the intended effect.
To spark user-to-user discussion
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To start conversations among users.
To shepherd sb back
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To guide someone to return.
Name-brand companies
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Well-known and reputable brands.
To stumble into sth
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To enter or discover something by accident.
To glean
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To gather information gradually.
To woo potential clients
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To attract and persuade new customers.
To harness the medium
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To use a platform or channel effectively.
Judiciously
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Wisely and carefully.
A staffer
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An employee, especially in media or politics.
To draw a crowd
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To attract a lot of people.
To be hard to replicate
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Difficult to copy or reproduce.
The upshot
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The final result or conclusion.
Media spin
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A biased interpretation presented by media.

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