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following traditional or widely accepted standards

conventional

causing disagreement or hostility between people

divisive

the condition of being spontaneous / acting on impulse without planning

spontaneity

to study intensively over a short period of time just before an exam

cram

putting school students into groups according to their general academic ability

streaming

an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy, often causing aggressive behavior or extreme shyness

inferiority complex

the act of judging or deciding the amount, value, quality, or importance of something, or the judgment or decision that is made

assessment

activities pursued in addition to the normal course of study

extracurricular

a grant or payment made to support a student's education, awarded on the basis of academic achievement

scholarship

an official recognition that an institution meets certain required standards

accreditation

a college or university building containing living quarters for students

dormitory

a final project, task, or exam that brings together everything a student has learned during their studies

capstone

the action of staying away from school without good reason; absenteeism

truancy

optional courses or subjects that a student can choose to take

electives

a financial award/grant made to a person, typically to enable them to study at a university

bursary

the head of a university faculty or department

dean

fixed firmly and deeply in a surrounding mass; an integral part of something

embedded

to give something (money, time, effort) to help achieve or provide something

contribute

complete / including all or nearly all elements or aspects of something

comprehensive

to adapt or make something suit a specific need or individual

tailor

more than necessary

unduly

without success / completely uselessly

in vain

to make it difficult for someone to do something

hamper

knowledge or beliefs passed down through generations

inherited wisdom

to refuse to give something that is due, desired, or requested

withhold

to take a risk or a big step forward, especially after hesitating

take the leap

delivering a central or principal speech at a conference

keynoting

a valuable object that has belonged to a family for several generations

heirloom

to destroy or completely get rid of something such as a social problem or a disease

eradicate

existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute

inherent

widespread or common in a particular area or at a particular time

prevalent

absolutely necessary

imperative

a state of fairness in which individuals are treated similarly, unhampered by artificial barriers

equality of opportunity

a type of secondary school in the UK that does not select pupils on the basis of academic achievement

comprehensive schooling

lists of schools, colleges, or teams, ranked in order of their performance or results

league tables

a dual system in which one group receives a higher quality of service or privilege than another

two-tier system

having a lot of money, property, or natural gifts/qualities

well endowed

having less money / poorer

less well-off

o be exceptionally good at or proficient in an activity or subject

excel

the basic skills of reading, writing, and arithmetic

the three R’s

Parent-Teacher Association; an organization of parents and teachers that promotes the welfare of schoolchildren

PTA

a group of people responsible for the financial and strategic management of a school

school governors

a temporary substitute teacher who fills in when a regular teacher is absent

supply teacher

a teacher who travels from school to school, usually specializing in a particular subject like music

peripatetic teacher

made from unrefined flour / whole-grain

wholemeal

an institutional arrangement designed to help producers in developing countries achieve better trading conditions

fair trade

relating to livestock or poultry kept in natural conditions, with freedom of movement

free-range

Genetically Modified

GM

a small mistake in an agreement or law that gives someone the chance to avoid having to do something

loophole

substances or things derived or developed from something else

derivatives

to make a liquid thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent

dilute

socially or morally objectionable

unsavoury

a polite way of giving permission ("Go ahead, help yourself")

be one's guest

listen to this (used to introduce a surprising or interesting fact)

get this

treated to expensive food and drink, usually to impress or entertain

wined and dined

flawless / faultless

impeccable

bad-tempered, gloomy, and silent

sullen

unpleasant, repulsive, or discouraging

off-putting

quick and rude in manner or speech

brusque

to try very hard to do something, especially for someone else

to go out of one's way

to be very mindful or careful about the nutritional energy value of food consumed

calorie-conscious

a person who is very selective and hard to please when it comes to food

fussy eater

choosing to never drink alcohol

teetotal

special rules regarding what a person can or cannot eat due to health, religion, or ethics

dietary requirement

to choose or accept whatever is available, without knowing what it will be like

take pot luck

an invitation to a party where guests are expected to bring their own alcoholic drinks an invitation to a party where guests are expected to bring their own alcoholic drinks

bring a bottle

an informal social gathering

get-together

small items of food (like chips, nuts, or crackers) eaten to accompany drinks at a party

nibbles

to quickly get something to eat

grab a bite to eat

the state or quality of being unnecessary or with no cause

gratuitousness

an escape of blood from a ruptured vessel; metaphorically: to lose money, resources, or people rapidly

haemorrhage

a place where garbage is disposed of by burying it under layers of earth

landfill site

to appear or happen unexpectedly

crop up

the act of providing something

provision

doing something through an agent or a secondary method rather than directly

by proxy

a boundary, limit, or graphical indicator on a chart representing a strict limit or standard

black line

an amount of something that is more than you need

surplus

to stabilize / to stop rising or falling and remain at a constant level

level off

farm animals regarded as an asset or resource

livestock

to use up the supply or resources of something

deplete

enormous / gigantic

gargantuan

to destroy something by burning it completely

incinerate

to heavily criticize or damage someone's reputation; slang for physically beating someone up

trash somebody

to make something or someone be in a particular state or condition

render

to reject or look down on something with contempt because it is not considered good enough

turn one’s nose up at

to start doing something with determination

set about

foot-and-mouth outbreak

a sudden spreading of a highly contagious viral disease affecting cattle, sheep, and pigs

not needing or without oxygen

anaerobic

an advantage that comes from a difficult or unpleasant situation

silver lining

to officially establish a rule, or to officially say how something should be done

to lay something down

to put a decision, plan, or agreement into effect

implement

tangible, definitive, and measurable results that must be produced by a project

concrete deliverables

people or groups who have an interest or investment in an enterprise or project

stakeholders

financial rewards, tax breaks, or subsidies provided by a government to encourage specific economic behavior

fiscal incentives

to make a determined effort to deal with a difficult problem or task

to tackle