English journey 2019

skrzela

gills

padlina

carrion

a soft, cushion-like object made of or filled with a soft material, used to prevent damage by knocking, rubbing etc

a pad

kawałek = chunk

lump

poprawka

amendment

to touch or make changes to something that you should not

to tamper

a thin piece of material such as paper or plastic that has to be broken in order to open the container and use the contents

a seal

a flat container, usually with slightly raised edges, for carrying food or drinks

a tray

at an angle of 90 degrees to a horizontal line or surface

perpendicular

a small, soft creature that is like a snail without a shell/a bullet

a slug

a device that causes a plane or ship to move, consisting of two or more blades that spin at high speed/śmigło

a propeller

a sudden sharp pain

a pang

psychological, mental health

sanity

to absorb (e.g. knowledge), to enjoy sth that exists around you

to soak up

a thick substance, usually containing medicine that is put on the skin where it is sore or injured/maść,

ointment

the medical product that is used on the outside of the body/miejscowy, do stosowania zewnętrznego

topical

a rigid structure that surrounds sth as glass or door/ outside part of a pair of glasses

frames

children developed from one egg so having the same sex and looks

identical twins

sb who pays rent for the use of land or a building

a tenant

a bone between the shoulder and the base of the neck on each side of the body / obojczyk

a collarbone

to reduce the amount or number of sth, to drink or eat less of a particular thing

to cut down (on sth)

to supervise (a person or work), especially in an official setting

to oversee

to experience sth that is unpleasant or sth that involves a change / przejść coś

to undergo

the quality of having a lot of complicated details. Complexity

intricacy

the fact that two people or things look like each other or are similar in some other way/podobieństwo

resemblance

a vertical structure like a thin wall that separates one part of a room or building from another

a partition

doing everything that you should do (adj.)

dutiful

a short sentence usually known by many people, stating sth commonly experienced or giving advice

proverb

a large number of things that you should have done before and must do now (zaległości)

backlog

to be much better than other similar things or people, to be very noticeable

to stand out

a person who doesn't work hard

slacker

the quality in someone or something that makes him attractive or interesting

appeal

to use clever, secret and often unpleasant methods to gradually become part of sth. / wkradać się, wślizgiwać się

to insinuate oneself into sth

decoration/ozdoby

ornamentation

boring C1 / nudny, żmudny

tedious

a hindrance or obstruction in doing sth (e.g. speech ...)/utrudnienie

impediment

tough, protective outer layer of the trunk and branches of a tree/kora

bark

to find sth or sb after looking for them in a lot of different places.

to track down

wanted by many people and usually of high quality or rare

sought after

behaving in a way that is dishonest or unfair in order to get what you want/dishonest/niegodziwy

unscrupulous

any type of plant that climbs or grows along the ground and has twisting stems.

a vine

objects that are made out of clay by hand

pottery

a smell or taste that is very strong, sometimes unpleasantly strong

pungent

to make a part of the body less painful

to soothe

sth that deters people from doing sth/it discourages sb from doing sth/środek odstraszający

deterrent

owijać w bawełnę/to talk about something without mentioning it directly

to beat around the bush

oparcie (krzesła lub kanapy)

a backrest

rising or falling at a sharp angle/stromy

steep

an object used for travelling over snow and ice with long, narrow strips of wood or metal under it instead of wheels. /sanki, sanie

a sledge/sled

skurcz (mięśni)

cramp

a person or organisation that collects informstion and arranges it in a list, report, book etc.

compiler

polite and correct in manner, typical of a high social class/dystyngowany

genteel

extremely thorough, exhaustive or accurate/rygorystyczny

rigorous

the distance from one side to another/the fact of including many different things, features, subjects or qualities C2

breadth

to defend yourself against attack or criticism

to fight back

wślizgnąć się, wtrącić coś do czegoś ukradkiem/to insinuate oneself into...

to slip in

a usual or accepted way of behaving, esp. in social situations/a large formal meeting of people who do a particular job or have a similar interest, or a large meeting for a political party

a convention

behaving in a formal way and without humour/sztywny

starchy/stiff

not taking care or making an effort/... clothes are too large, loose and do not look neat

sloppy

pleasant and friendly, creating a feeling of comfort or satisfaction/miły, przyjemny

congenial

providing the right conditions for sth good to happen/sprzyjający

conducive

happening and connected with another thing C2 formal / towarzyszący

concomitant

a person or organization that makes business or financial arrangements between companies or organizations that do not deal with each other directly

an intermediary

upcoming synonym

forthcoming

the latest problem in a series of problems that makes the situation impossible to accept (kropla, która przepełnia kielich)

the last straw

lack of appreciation for help that has been given/niewdzięczność

ingratitude

used to describe a person who is eager or willing to help other people/uprzejmy i pomocny

accommodating

to mix a set of playing cards without seeing their values/to move similar things from one position or place to another / tasować

to shuffle

the careful watching of a person or place, especially by the police or army

surveillance

used to emphasize how great, important or powerful a quality or feeling is/nothing other than

sheer

to move very fast, esp. in a way that seems dangerous/pędzić, gnać

to hurtle

sb's ability to think of clever new ways of doing sth/pomysłowość

ingenuity

the period of time that sth exists or happens - attention or life/the full extent of sth from end to end

span

a person who is responsible for a crime/winowajca, winny, sprawca

a culprit

seem (syn.), to give other people a certain feeling or opinion

to come across

to prevent further disagreement in arguments or war by giving to the opposing side an advantage that they have demanded/załagodzić, udobruchać, zaspokoić

to appease

a formal statement saying that you are not legally responsible for sth, such as the information given in a book or on the internet/wyłączenie odpowiedzialności

a disclaimer

to make someone less confident, less powerful or less likely to succeed, or to make sth seem weeker/podważać, podkopywać, osłabiać

to undermine

saying what you think without trying to be polite or considering other people's feelings/bezceremonialny, dosadny

blunt

to decide or arrange to delay an event or activity until a later time or date/odłożyć coś na potem, przełożyć

to put off

kiełki

seedlings

a formal design that is used by a city, family, organisation as a symbol to represent them / herb

crest /coat of arms

prosiaczek

piglet

little branches

twigs

lodyga

stalk

spychać

to shove

oślizgły

slimy

ruch na rzecz ochrony praw zwierząt

animal rights movement

to begin a discussion about something difficult/poruszać temat

to broach

any unpleasant thick soft substance, such as food that has been cooked for too long/breja, paćka

a mush

a small bed for a baby with high bars around the sides so that the child cannot fall out

a cot

a relative who lived in the past (syn. ancestor)

forebear

(syn. remains) a small remaining quantity of something - pozostałości, szczątki

remnants

a small military camp or position at some distance from the main force, used especially as a guard against surprise attack/posterunek, forpoczta, wysunięta placówka

an outpost

a period of warmer weather that makes ice and snow melt - odwilż

a thaw

if a liquid ..., it moves slowly through a substance with very small holes in it - przesiąkać, przesiąkać

to percolate

wąż ogrodowy

garden hose

(of the weather) unpleasantly cold or wet/surowa

inclement

opóźnienie

latency

osad, kamien w czajniku albo na prysznicu

limescale

łuski ryby

scales

(of something bad) getting worse quickly and in an uncontrolled way/szalejący

rampant

If a situation is ... there is little or no hope for the future/ponury, smutny, niewesoły, beznadziejny,

bleak

relating to the idea that poor people experience positive effects when rich people get richer and spend more money

trickle-down

a person who publicly disagrees with and criticizes their government/dysydent

dissident

too confident and too determined to tell other people what to do, in a way that's unpleasant/apodyktyczny

overbearing

nervous, worried, having problems, if a relationship is ... there are problems. /napięty

strained