Biology - Organs in the digestive system

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What happens in the mouth?
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Food is chewed and mixed with saliva. Amylase begins starch digestion.
What does amylase do?
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Amylase breaks down starch into sugars.
What is the peristalsis?
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Wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive system.
What happens in the stomach?
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The stomach churns food and uses hydrochloric acid and protease enzymes to digest proteins.
Why is hydrochloric acid important?
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It kills bacteria and provides the optimum acidic pH for stomach enzymes.
What do protease do?
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Proteases break proteins into amino acids
What does the liver do?
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The liver produces bile.
What is bile?
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An alkaline substance that neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats.
What does emulsify mean?
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Breaking large fat droplets into smaller droplets to increase surface area.
Why is bile important?
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It creates alkaline conditions for lipase and increases the rate of fat digestion.
What does the lipase do?
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Lipase breaks lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.
What does the pancreas do?
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The pancreas produces amylase, protease, and lipase enzymes.
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