Advanced English (2) • ADJECTIVES, ADVERBS • 'V'

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vaunted
adjective [before noun ] C2 • synonyms: praised, hyped, acclaimed • vaunted reputation/skills/technology; much-vaunted freedom/innovation; challenge/expose vaunted claims • freq in AmE: 3/10
The company’s vaunted innovation turned out to be underwhelming.
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osławiony, wychwalany, szeroko promowany (często przesadnie lub ironicznie)
widely praised, boasted about, or promoted — often with a hint of exaggeration, irony, or skepticism
Osławiona innowacja firmy okazała się rozczarowująca.
vexing
adjective C1 formal • synonyms: annoying, frustrating, troubling • vexing problem/question/issue/silence/delay; deeply/increasingly/quietly vexing; vexing dilemma/situation • freq in AmE: 4/10
It’s a vexing problem with no clear solution.
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drażliwy, irytujący, budzący frustrację
causing annoyance, frustration, or worry — especially when the issue is persistent, difficult to resolve, or emotionally charged
To drażliwy problem bez jasnego rozwiązania.
viable
adjective C1 formal • synonyms: feasible, workable, sustainable • viable option/solution/strategy/business model/alternative; economically/politically viable; viable embryo • freq in AmE: 8/10
We need a viable strategy to reduce emissions. | 2. The startup is not yet financially viable. | 3. Doctors confirmed the embryo was viable.
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realny, możliwy do zrealizowania; zdolny do życia
capable of working successfully, being effective, or continuing to exist — especially in terms of plans, solutions, systems, or organisms
Potrzebujemy realnej strategii redukcji emisji. | 2. Startup nie jest jeszcze finansowo opłacalny. | 3. Lekarze potwierdzili, że zarodek jest zdolny do życia.
volatile
adjective C1 • synonyms: unstable, unpredictable, explosive, reactive • volatile market/situation/temper/mix; emotionally volatile; politically volatile; volatile reactions; volatile environment; volatile substance/gas • freq in AmE: 6/10
The stock market has been extremely volatile this year. | 2. She has a volatile temper and can lash out unexpectedly.
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niestabilny, zmienny, wybuchowy
likely to change rapidly and unpredictably, especially for the worse; unstable, explosive, or emotionally reactive
Rynek akcji był w tym roku wyjątkowo niestabilny. | 2. Ma wybuchowy charakter i potrafi niespodziewanie wybuchnąć.
vengeful
adjective C1 • synonyms: revengeful, spiteful, vindictive • vengeful spirit/god/mob; vengeful thoughts/actions/rage; act/feel/remain vengeful; vengeful storm/fate/silence/fire • freq in AmE: 5/10
She felt vengeful after being betrayed by her closest friend. | 2. The vengeful villain plotted his return with ruthless precision.
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mściwy, żądny zemsty
having or showing a strong desire to take revenge; motivated by resentment or the urge to retaliate
Poczuła chęć zemsty po tym, jak zdradziła ją najbliższa przyjaciółka. | 2. Mściwy złoczyńca planował swój powrót z bezwzględną precyzją.
vigilant
adjective C1 • synonyms: watchful, alert, attentive, cautious, observant • remain/stay/be vigilant; vigilant guard/observer/parent • freq in AmE: 8/10
Security guards remained vigilant throughout the night. | 2. Parents should be vigilant about what their kids watch online. | 3. She’s a vigilant editor who never misses a mistake.
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czujny, uważny, ostrożny (szczególnie wobec zagrożenia lub problemu)
always careful to notice possible danger or problems and to act quickly to avoid them
Ochroniarze pozostali czujni przez całą noc. | 2. Rodzice powinni być czujni wobec tego, co dzieci oglądają w internecie. | 3. Jest uważną redaktorką, która nigdy nie przeoczy błędu.
remain vigilant
collocation with vigilant adjective C1 • remain vigilant = stay alert and watchful (esp. against danger, bias, manipulation) • remain vigilant against X; remain vigilant to signs/symptoms; urged to remain vigilant • freq in AmE: 6/10
We must remain vigilant against misinformation and bias.
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pozostać czujnym, zachować czujność
to stay alert and watchful, especially in order to detect danger, threats, or changes — often used in contexts of security, health, ethics, or emotional awareness
Musimy pozostać czujni wobec dezinformacji i uprzedzeń.
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