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6. Wars of the Roses: causes, consequences, main events inizia ad imparare
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The Wars of the Roses - wojny domowe w Anglii - (1455–1487) were a series of dynastic conflicts between the houses of Lancaster and York, both branches of the Plantagenet family.
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6. Wars of the Roses: causes, consequences, main events inizia ad imparare
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Causes (przyczyny) included weak royal authority under Henry VI, financial strain from the Hundred Years’ War, noble rivalries, and disputes over legitimate succession.
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6. Wars of the Roses: causes, consequences, main events inizia ad imparare
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So, the nation was weak already and the houses and elites became fighting with each other in order to gain power.
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6. Wars of the Roses: causes, consequences, main events inizia ad imparare
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The conflict began with power struggles around the king’s incapacity and competing claims to rule.
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6. Wars of the Roses: causes, consequences, main events inizia ad imparare
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Major battles included St Albans (1455), Towton (1461), Barnet (1471), and Tewkesbury (1471).
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6. Wars of the Roses: causes, consequences, main events inizia ad imparare
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Edward IV of York took the throne, but instability continued due to shifting alliances and betrayals, notably involving the Earl of Warwick (“the Kingmaker”)
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6. Wars of the Roses: causes, consequences, main events inizia ad imparare
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The murder/disappearance of the “Princes in the Tower” is associated with Richard III and intensified controversy
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6. Wars of the Roses: causes, consequences, main events inizia ad imparare
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sons of Edward IV disappeared in the Tower of London, his fate is unknown but it is believed that there is connection to Richard III.
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6. Wars of the Roses: causes, consequences, main events inizia ad imparare
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The wars ended when Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field (1485).
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6. Wars of the Roses: causes, consequences, main events inizia ad imparare
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Henry VII secured rule further by defeating Yorkist resistance at Stoke (1487) and by marrying Elizabeth of York.
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6. Wars of the Roses: causes, consequences, main events inizia ad imparare
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So, the wars ended when Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at the Battle of Basworth Field and put an end to the ruling of the Yorks, finally to marry Elizabeth of York and connects two houses
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6. Wars of the Roses: causes, consequences, main events inizia ad imparare
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Consequences included the weakening of great nobles, a stronger centralized monarchy under the Tudors, and a new political emphasis on stability and dynastic legitimacy.
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