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saga

long story of heroic achievement

epic

a long poem about events in the past (often involving gods or kings, and queens)

alliteration

the use of the same sound/s, especially consonants, at the beginning of several words that are close together (Round the rugged rocks the ragged rascal ran)

caesura

a pause in a line of poetry, especially near the middle of a line

prosody

the pattern of rhythm and sound in poetry

kenning

an expression in Old English poetry with metaphorical meaning

homeric simile

detailed comparison in the form of a simile, written in many lines in length

alliterative revival

the resurgence of poetry using the alliterative verse form in Middle English

chansons de geste

(songs of heroic deeds) a medieval, french historical verse romance

masque

a type of theatre entertainment including poetry, singing, and dancing, performed in England in the 16th and 17th centuries, especially at a royal court

Shakespearean romance

involve both comedy and tragedy

postcolonialism

the historical period or state of affairs representing the aftermath of Western colonialism

subaltern

someone with a low ranking in a social, political, or other hierarchy. It can also mean someone who has been marginalized or oppressed.

hegemony

leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others.

protasis

the introductory part of a play or narrative poem

petrarchan sonnet

(Italian sonnet) (Francesco Petrarch) Two-Part Structure: Octave and sestet with a clear thematic shift. Rhyme Scheme: Strict pattern in the octave, more flexibility in the sestet. Volta: The turning point or shift between the octave and the sestet.

octave

an eight-line stanza rhyming ABBAABBA

sestet

a six-line stanza rhyming CDCDCD or CDECDE

quatrain

a type of stanza, or a complete poem, consisting of four lines

couplet

two lines of poetry which come next to each other, especially two lines that rhyme with each other and are the same length

Petrarchan conceit

a hyperbolic comparison most often made by a suffering lover of his beautiful mistress to some physical object—e.g., a tomb, the ocean, the sun

volta

(italian word for "turn") a rhetorical shift that marks the change of a thought or argument in a poem

iambic pentameter

a line of verse with five metrical feet, each consisting of one short (or unstressed) syllable followed by one long (or stressed) syllable

iambic hexameter

a metrical line of verses consisting of six feet

rhyme royal

a form of verse introduced into English by Chaucer, consisting of seven-line stanzas of iambic pentameter in which there are three rhymes, the first line rhyming with the third, the second with the fourth and fifth, and the sixth with the seventh

carpe diem

a Latin expression meaning "seize the day"

non omnis moriar

"Not all of me will die"

sonnet sequence

a group of sonnets thematically unified to create a long work

simile

a comparison e.g. "as cute as a kitty" (opposite - dissimile - not... nor)

enjambment

from the French meaning “a striding over,” is a poetic term for the continuation of a sentence or phrase from one line of poetry to the next

theodicy

Theodicy means the vindication of God. It is a philosophical attempt to explain the existence of evil in a God-created, good world

metaphor

a figure of speech that describes an object or action in a way that isn't literally true, but helps explain an idea or make a comparison

allegory

a story, play, poem, picture, or other work in which the characters and events represent particular qualities or ideas that relate to morals, religion, or politics

oxymoron

a figure of speech that combines contradictory words with opposing meanings, like “old news,” “deafening silence,” or “organized chaos.”

pleonasm

the use of more words than necessary to denote mere sense

blank verse

verse without rhyme, especially that which uses iambic pentameters

epic poem

is a lengthy narrative poem typically about the extraordinary deeds of extraordinary characters who, in dealings with gods or other superhuman forces, gave shape to the mortal universe for their descendants

hubris

exaggerated pride or self-confidence

hamartia

a flaw in character that brings about the downfall of the hero of a tragedy

soliloquy

an act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of any hearers, especially by a character in a play

paradox

a situation or statement that seems impossible or is difficult to understand because it contains two opposite facts or characteristics